2013-2018年浙江省衢州地区外环境禽流感病毒监测分析

Surveillance results of avian influenza virus in external environment in Quzhou, Zhejiang, 2013–2018

  • 摘要:
    目的了解浙江省衢州地区外环境禽流感病毒流行特征,为该地区人禽流感疫情的防控和预测预警提供科学依据。
    方法采集2013 — 2018年衢州地区外环境禽流感监测标本,采用实时荧光反转录–聚合酶链式反应方法对采集的外环境标本进行禽流感病毒核酸检测,并进行统计学分析。
    结果2013 — 2018年共采集禽流感外环境标本5 290份,检出流感病毒A型(FluA)阳性标本1 809份,阳性率为34.20%;其中以H9亚型和A型未分型为主,分别占44.50%和29.13%。 开化县检出阳性率最高(54.85%),龙游县最低(17.25%)。 5类场所中,城乡活禽市场检出阳性率最高(45.94%)。 6种类型标本中,宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面的擦拭标本检出阳性率最高(58.96%)。第一季度(38.06%)和第四季度(37.23%)检出阳性率较高。 不同时间、地区、场所、标本类型的标本阳性检出率差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。
    结论衢州地区外环境中存在多种亚型及混合型禽流感病毒,应加强外环境禽流感监测力度,同时采取有效的防控措施降低人群感染的风险。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectiveTo understand the distribution of avian influenza virus in the external environment in Quzhou, Zhejiang province, from 2013 to 2018, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza virus.
    MethodsThe external environmental samples were collected from different surveillance sites of Quzhou for the nucleic acid detection of avian influenza viruses by using real-time RT-PCR during 2013–2018, and the results were used for statistical analysis.
    ResultsA total of 5 290 environmental samples were collected from 2013 to 2018, in which 1 809 were positive for avian influenza A virus (34.20%), The subtype identification showed that H9 and unspecific type were main subtypes, the positive rate were 44.50% and 29.13% respectively. The positive rate was highest in Kaihua county (54.85%) and lowest in Longyou county (17.25%). The detection rate in live poultry markets was highest (45.94%) in 5 types of places, and the detection rate in surface swabs of chopping boards for slaughtering or placing poultry products was highest (58.96%) in 6 types of samples. The positive rates were significantly higher during January-March (38.06%) and during October-December (37.23%). There were significant differences in time, area, place and sample type specific distributions of avian influenza viruses (all P<0.001).
    ConclusionThere were different subtypes and mixed types of avian influenza virus contamination in the environment in Quzhou. It is important to strengthen the surveillance for avian influenza virus in environment and take comprehensive prevention and control measures to reduce the risk of human infection with avian influenza virus.

     

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