2018年内蒙古自治区包头市一起老年人流行性乙型脑炎暴发疫情的调查

万寒兵; 杨玉荣; 林亮; 彭景贤; 王静

doi:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.12.020

2018年内蒙古自治区包头市一起老年人流行性乙型脑炎暴发疫情的调查

An outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in elderly people in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 2018

摘要

摘要:
目的对内蒙古自治区包头市土默特右旗（土右旗）一起老年人流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）暴发的处置进行描述，为今后该类事件的规范化处置提供参考。
方法对2018年土右旗疫情的全部病例进行个案调查；用聚合酶链式反应方法检测患者血清和脑脊液中乙脑病毒核酸；用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测患者及部分村民、家猪样品中的乙脑病毒抗体。
结果此次暴发疫情中，5人发病，其中2例死亡，均在8月发病，均为农村无乙脑疫苗接种史且有基础疾病的老年人；5例病例的血清和脑脊液标本中乙脑病毒IgM抗体阳性、乙脑病毒核酸阴性，5份村民血清的IgM抗体阳性，108份村民血清的IgG抗体阳性，2份家猪血清的IgM抗体阳性。
结论2018年土右旗发生了老年人乙脑暴发疫情，当地人群和猪中存在乙脑病毒感染。今后应加强乙脑疫情和蚊媒的监测及防控工作。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate an outbreak of Japanese encephalitis（JE）in elderly people in Tuyou district of Baotou in Inner Mongolia in 2018 and provide scientific evidence for the standardized response to such events in the future.
MethodsCase investigation was conducted for all cases, and the blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients were used for the detection of JE virus nucleic acid with PCR and the samples from some villagers and domestic pigs were collected for the detection of JE virus antibody with ELISA.
ResultsThe outbreak occurred in August and 5 cases were reported, including 2 deaths. The cases were elderly people in rural areas with underlying diseases and without immunization histories of JE vaccine. In the 5 cases, the serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples were negative for JE virus nucleic acid and positive for IgM antibody, while the serum samples of 5 villagers and 2 domestic pigs were IgM positive, and 108 serum samples of villagers were IgG positive.
ConclusionThe investigation confirmed that an outbreak of JE occurred in elderly people in Tuyou district of Baotou in 2018, and infection of JE virus was detected in local people and pigs. The surveillance for JE and mosquito vector should be strengthened in the future.

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