宿昆, 尹红, 李亚斐, 赵寒, 夏宇, 熊宇, 易娟, 杨琳, 漆莉, 唐文革, 李勤. 2018年重庆市狂犬病疫情监测分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2020, 35(2): 110-113. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2020.02.006
引用本文: 宿昆, 尹红, 李亚斐, 赵寒, 夏宇, 熊宇, 易娟, 杨琳, 漆莉, 唐文革, 李勤. 2018年重庆市狂犬病疫情监测分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2020, 35(2): 110-113. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2020.02.006
Kun Su, Hong Yin, Yafei Li, Han Zhao, Yu Xia, Yu Xiong, Juan Yi, Lin Yang, Li Qi, Wenge Tang, Qin Li. Surveillance data of rabies in Chongqing, 2018[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2020, 35(2): 110-113. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2020.02.006
Citation: Kun Su, Hong Yin, Yafei Li, Han Zhao, Yu Xia, Yu Xiong, Juan Yi, Lin Yang, Li Qi, Wenge Tang, Qin Li. Surveillance data of rabies in Chongqing, 2018[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2020, 35(2): 110-113. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2020.02.006

2018年重庆市狂犬病疫情监测分析

Surveillance data of rabies in Chongqing, 2018

  • 摘要:
    目的分析重庆市2018年狂犬病疫情流行特征,为防控工作提供参考依据。
    方法病例数据来自“传染病报告信息管理系统”,病例暴露和暴露后预防处置数据来源于重庆市狂犬病个案调查数据库,一犬伤多人事件数据来源于“突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统”。 采用描述性流行病学方法分析。
    结果2018年重庆市报告狂犬病病例18例,报告发病率为0.06/10万。 病例以>60岁老年人(61.11%)和农民(88.89%)为主,所有病例均来自非主城区/县的农村地区,渝西6个区/县和渝东北3个区/县是狂犬病疫情聚集区。94.44%的病例暴露于犬,61.11%病例的致伤动物是流浪犬。 病例Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度暴露分别占38.89%和61.11%,均未进行规范的暴露后预防处置。 88.89%的一犬伤多人事件发生在农村地区,致伤人数达到10人以上的事件占18.52%。
    结论2018年,重庆市狂犬病疫情继续下降,疫情波及地区进一步减少,主要聚集在渝西和渝东北几个区/县的农村地区,>60岁老年人受疫情影响最大。 病例主要由犬咬伤所致,流浪犬所致病例的比例进一步上升,所有病例的暴露后预防处置均不规范。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Chongqing in 2018 and provide evidence for the control and prevention of rabies.
    MethodsThe incidence data of rabies in Chongqing in 2018 were collected from national infectious disease reporting information management system, the data of case exposure and prophylaxis from the rabies investigation database of Chongqing, and the data of dogs biting events from national public health emergency management information system. Descriptive epidemiological methods were applied to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies cases.
    ResultsA total of 18 rabies cases were reported in Chongqing in 2018, with a reported incidence of 0.06/100 000. The majority of the cases were people over 60 years old (61.11%) and farmers (88.89%). All the cases were from rural areas of suburb counties and districts. Two geographic epidemic clusters were identified in six districts and counties in western Chongqing and three districts and counties in northeastern Chongqing. Up to 94.44% of rabies cases were victims of dog bites or scratch, and 61.11% of the cases exposed to stray dogs. None of these cases received standard prophylaxis after rabies exposure. Up to 88.89% of the dog biting events occurred in rural areas and 18.52% of the dog biting events affected more than 10 people.
    ConclusionThe incidence of rabies in Chongqing continued to decline in 2018 and the areas affected by the epidemic further decreased. The disease mainly occurred in rural areas of several districts and counties in western and northeastern Chongqing. The most rabies affected population was the people over 60 years in rural areas. The rabies cases were mainly caused by dog biting, and the proportion caused by stray dog biting increased further, and all the cases received no substandard post-exposure prophylaxis.

     

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