内蒙古自治区达拉特旗一起布鲁氏菌病暴发疫情的调查与处置

Investigation and response of a brucellosis outbreak in Dalad, Inner Mongolia

  • 摘要:
      目的   分析内蒙古自治区一起布鲁氏菌病(布病)暴发的原因,并提出防控措施。
      方法   通过现场流行病学调查和实验室检验,于2020年4月对达拉特旗一自然村的一起布病暴发疫情进行传染源追踪调查和传染途径分析。
      结果   2020年2月28日至3月5日张大圪堵自然村短期内报告3例布病病例,4月在该区开展布病流行病学调查时,又发现4例确诊和3例隐性感染病例,并检出羊1型和羊3型布鲁氏菌。 卫生部门对患者进行建档跟踪治疗,开展了重点人群监测,对人、畜居住环境进行了一次终末喷雾消毒,并对全村居民开展面对面的宣传教育,发放防护物品;畜牧部门严格执行检疫、淘汰病畜的防治措施,并进行动物疫情监测。
      结论   疫情暴发的主要原因是未经检疫的羊随意贩卖流动,致使病畜流入,感染养殖人员造成疫情暴发。 应加强羊群疾病监测、管理和病畜淘汰机制,防止传染源的流动;加强医疗卫生和畜牧兽医部门的联防联控工作。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To understand the cause of an outbreak of brucellosis in Dalad banner of Inner Mongolia, and suggest prevention and control measures.
      Methods  Epidemiological survey and laboratory test were conducted for the brucellosis outbreak in a natural village in Dalad in April 2020.
      Results  Three human brucellosis cases were reported in the village from 28 February to 5 March 2020,the epidemiological survey in April found another 4 confirmed cases and 3 unapparent infection cases. and the strains of Br melitensis 1 and 3 were detected. All the patients were traced, recorded and treated, key populations were monitored, terminal spray disinfections were conducted for people living environment and livestock sheds, face to face health education was conducted for the villagers and protective materials were provided by local health sector. Strict livestock quarantine and sick animal weeding out and animal epidemic surveillance were conducted by local animal husbandry and veterinary sector.
      Conclusion  The outbreak was related with the importation of sick livestock without quarantine, resulting in human infection. It is necessary to strengthen the strengthen the disease surveillance, management in sheep and sick animal weeding out, interrupt infection source and strengthen the joint prevention and control by health sector and animal husbandry and veterinary sector.

     

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