Surveillance results of infectious disease pathogen in entry persons at Shenzhen port of Guangdong, 2015−2018
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摘要:
目的 对广东省深圳市口岸入境人员病原谱的构成及特征进行分析,为口岸传染病的防控提供科学依据。 方法 收集2015—2018年深圳市口岸入境人员基本信息、过境时间、体温、症状、病原检测结果等信息,通过描述性统计学方法,分析病原的分布特征以及不同症候群病原谱的构成情况。 结果 共监测入境人员87 450人,病原检测阳性者20 174例,女性病原阳性率(23.69%)高于男性(22.73%)。 病原的检出存在明显季节性,检出病原以呼吸道病毒为主,其次为肠道病毒,流感病毒阳性率最高(20.81%),以B型和甲型H3N2为主。 发热伴呼吸道症候群病原阳性率在各症候群中最高(30.87%)。 结论 口岸输入传染病的病原种类较多,病原阳性率较高,需加强口岸传染病的监测工作,为防止传染病的跨境传播提供保障。 Abstract:Objective To analyze the composition and characteristics of the pathogen spectrum in entry persons at Shenzhen port in Guangdong province, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of infectious diseases at ports. Methods The information about basic characteristics, date of entry, body temperature, symptoms, and pathogen detection results of entry persons at Shenzhen port from 2015 to 2018 were collected. The distribution characteristics of pathogens and the composition of the pathogen spectrum of different syndromes were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Results A total of 87 450 entry persons were monitored, in whom 20 174 were positive for the pathogens. The positive rate of the pathogens was higher in women (23.69%) than in men (22.73%). The detection of the pathogens had obvious seasonality. The detected pathogens were mainly respiratory viruses and enteroviruses. The positive rate of influenza virus was highest (20.81%), mainly influenza B virus and influenza A (H3N2) virus. The pathogen positive rate was highest in fever cases with respiratory syndrome (30.87%). Conclusion Many kinds of pathogens of infectious diseases can be detected at ports, and the positive rate of pathogens is high. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance for infectious diseases at ports in order to prevent cross-border transmission of infectious diseases. -
Key words:
- Entry personnel /
- Infectious disease /
- Pathogen surveillance
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表 1 2015-2018年深圳市口岸入境人员病原监测结果
Table 1. Pathogen surveillance results in entry persons at Shenzhen port, 2015−2018
月份 2015年 2016年 2017年 2018年 检测数(人) 阳性数(例) 阳性率(%) 检测数(人) 阳性数(例) 阳性率(%) 检测数(人) 阳性数(例) 阳性率(%) 检测数(人) 阳性数(例) 阳性率(%) 1 1 479 553 37.39 1 072 280 26.12 2 147 337 15.70 3 355 1 833 54.63 2 1 098 312 28.42 1 488 668 44.89 1 610 230 14.29 2 607 1 198 45.95 3 1 090 401 36.79 2 784 1 312 47.13 2 165 280 12.93 1 618 367 22.68 4 1 170 424 36.24 2 647 781 29.51 2 040 256 12.55 1 272 81 6.37 5 1 670 485 29.04 2 625 387 14.74 2 347 368 15.68 1 600 65 4.06 6 3 451 1 454 42.13 1 969 167 8.48 3 076 894 29.06 971 46 4.74 7 1 953 506 25.91 2 211 215 9.72 5 523 2 233 40.43 884 44 4.98 8 2 372 290 12.23 1 824 221 12.12 2 630 465 17.68 680 38 5.59 9 2 077 343 16.51 2 092 377 18.02 2 012 208 10.34 234 22 9.40 10 1 541 218 14.15 2 236 268 11.99 1 792 122 6.81 356 31 8.71 11 1 389 125 9.00 1 642 166 10.11 1 364 69 5.06 321 33 10.28 12 1 184 153 12.92 1 780 259 14.55 2 002 589 29.42 − − − 合计 20 474 5 264 25.71 24 370 5 101 20.93 28 708 6 051 21.08 13 898 3 758 27.04 注:−. 无监测数据 表 2 2015-2018年深圳市口岸主要病原的检出情况
Table 2. Detection of main pathogens at Shenzhen port, 2015−2018
病原 2015年 2016年 2017年 2018年 合计 流感病毒 4 003(19.55) 4 637(19.03) 5 897(20.54) 3 663(26.36) 18 200(20.81) A型 1 951(9.53) 28(0.11) 171(0.60) 24(0.17) 2 174(2.49) B型 1 282(6.26) 1 891(7.76) 1 033(3.60) 2 507(18.04) 6 713(7.68) H1N1 24(0.12) 1 450(5.95) 571(1.99) 950(6.84) 2 995(3.42) H3N2 736(3.59) 1 248(5.12) 4 118(14.34) 160(1.15) 6 262(7.16) 混合型 10(0.05) 20(0.08) 4(0.02) 22(0.16) 56(0.06) 肠道病毒 219(1.07) 187(0.77) 10(0.03) 5(0.04) 421(0.48) 柯萨奇A6型 67(0.33) 12(0.05) 5(0.02) 0(0.00) 84(0.10) 柯萨奇A10型 8(0.04) 14(0.06) 1(0.01) 1(0.01) 24(0.03) 柯萨奇A16型 1(0.01) 3(0.01) 1(0.01) 1(0.01) 6(0.01) EVD68型 3(0.01) 4(0.02) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 7(0.01) 其他型 140(0.68) 154(0.63) 3(0.01) 3(0.02) 300(0.34) 人鼻病毒 302(1.48) 28(0.11) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 330(0.38) 呼吸道腺病毒 134(0.65) 50(0.21) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 184(0.21) 副流感病毒 162(0.79) 23(0.09) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 156(0.18) Ⅰ型 15(0.07) 16(0.07) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 31(0.04) Ⅱ型 79(0.39) 2(0.01) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 81(0.09) Ⅲ型 41(0.20) 3(0.01) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 44(0.05) 人偏肺病毒 111(0.54) 29(0.12) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 140(0.16) 呼吸道合胞病毒 98(0.48) 19(0.08) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 117(0.13) 注:括号外数据为阳性数(例),括号内数据为阳性率(%) 表 3 2015-2018年深圳市口岸主要病原在不同季节的检出情况
Table 3. Seasonal detection of main pathogens at Shenzhen port, 2015−2018
病原 春季 夏季 秋季 冬季 χ2值 P值 流感病毒 4 679(20.32) 6 319(22.94)a 1 326(7.77)ab 5 876(29.64)abc 2 776.493 <0.001 A型 102(0.44) 1 924(6.99)a 79(0.46) 69(0.35) 3 358.129 <0.001 B型 2 316(10.06) 804(2.92)a 259(1.52)ab 3 334(16.82)abc 4 314.615 <0.001 H1N1 1 446(6.28) 310(1.13)a 99(0.58)ab 1 140(5.75)bc 1 749.128 <0.001 H3N2 792(3.44) 3 273(11.88)a 888(5.21)ab 1 309(6.60)abc 1 510.831 <0.001 混合型 23(0.10) 8(0.03)a 1(0.01)a 24(0.12)bc 28.990 <0.001 肠道病毒 150(0.65) 147(0.53) 94(0.55) 30(0.15)abc 62.261 <0.001 柯萨奇A6型 16(0.07) 13(0.05) 51(0.30)ab 4(0.02)c 93.652 <0.001 柯萨奇A10型 6(0.03) 13(0.05) 3(0.02) 2(0.01) 6.713 0.082 其他型 128(0.55) 121(0.42) 40(0.21)ab 24(0.11)ab 68.869 <0.001 人鼻病毒 60(0.26) 0(0)a 223(1.31)ab 47(0.24)bc 515.548 <0.001 呼吸道腺病毒 35(0.15) 5(0.02)a 45(0.26)b 99(0.50)abc 133.420 <0.001 副流感病毒 11(0.05) 0(0)a 104(0.61)ab 41(0.21)abc 250.420 <0.001 人偏肺病毒 70(0.30) 5(0.02)a 14(0.08)ab 51(0.26)bc 110.411 <0.001 呼吸道合胞病毒 47(0.20) 3(0.01)a 29(0.17)b 38(0.19)b 65.669 <0.001 注:括号外数据为阳性数(例),括号内数据为阳性率(%);a.经Bonferroni 法校正后,该季节阳性率与春季比较差异有统计学意义;b.经Bonferroni 法校正后,该季节阳性率与夏季比较差异有统计学意义;c.经Bonferroni 法校正后,该季节阳性率与秋季比较差异有统计学意义 表 4 2015-2018年深圳市口岸病原在不同临床症状症候群人员中的检出情况
Table 4. Detection of pathogens in cases with different clinical syndromes at Shenzhen port, 2015−2018
病原 发热伴呼吸道
症候群
(n=34 916)无发热呼吸道
症候群
(n=9 181)发热伴消化道
症候群
(n=618)发热伴呼吸道及
消化道症候群
(n=483)单纯发热
(n=38 118)发热伴其他症候群
(n=2 026)无任何症状
(n=1 031)阳性数
(例)阳性率
(%)阳性数
(例)阳性率
(%)阳性数
(例)阳性率
(%)阳性数
(例)阳性率
(%)阳性数
(例)阳性率
(%)阳性数
(例)阳性率
(%)阳性数
(例)阳性率
(%)流感病毒 9 990 28.61 918 10.00 32 5.18 90 18.63 6 801 17.84 224 11.06 76 7.37 A型 1 080 3.09 46 0.50 3 0.49 7 1.45 999 2.62 27 1.33 6 0.58 B型 3 512 10.06 380 4.14 12 1.94 35 7.25 2 638 6.92 75 3.70 43 4.17 H1N1 1 793 5.14 138 1.50 5 0.81 23 4.76 968 2.54 49 2.42 10 0.97 H3N2 3 572 10.23 353 3.84 12 1.94 25 5.18 2 176 5.71 73 3.60 15 1.45 混合型 33 0.09 1 0.01 0 0.00 0 0.00 20 0.05 0 0.00 2 0.19 人鼻病毒 153 0.44 54 0.59 1 0.16 2 0.41 113 0.30 4 0.20 3 0.29 人偏肺病毒 78 0.22 5 0.05 0 0.00 0 0.00 56 0.15 0 0.00 0 0.00 副流感病毒 74 0.21 9 0.10 0 0.00 2 0.41 67 0.18 3 0.15 0 0.00 呼吸道腺病毒 69 0.20 7 0.08 1 0.16 6 1.24 97 0.25 4 0.20 0 0.00 呼吸道合胞病毒 62 0.18 4 0.04 0 0.00 1 0.21 49 0.13 1 0.05 0 0.00 肠道病毒 128 0.37 8 0.09 3 0.49 5 1.04 271 0.71 6 0.30 0 0.00 柯萨奇A6型 27 0.08 3 0.03 0 0.00 0 0.00 50 0.13 3 0.15 0 0.00 其他型 101 0.29 5 0.05 3 0.49 5 1.04 221 0.58 3 0.15 0 0.00 登革病毒 49 0.14 3 0.03 0 0.00 4 0.83 24 0.06 10 0.49 1 0.10 诺如病毒 0 0.00 0 0.00 33 5.34 11 2.28 2 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 轮状病毒 0 0.00 0 0.00 25 4.05 2 0.41 1 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 其他病原 176 0.50 18 0.20 22 3.56 12 2.48 147 0.39 12 0.59 3 0.29 合计 10 779 30.87 1 026 11.18 117 18.93 135 27.95 7 628 20.01 264 13.03 83 8.05 -
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