2014－2020年广西儿童青少年伤害死亡流行特征分析

滕有明; 毛玮; 黄金梅; 许晶晶

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202204060163

2014－2020年广西儿童青少年伤害死亡流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of injury death on children and adolescents in Guangxi, 2014−2020

摘要

摘要:
目的分析2014—2020年广西壮族自治区（广西）儿童青少年伤害死亡情况，为制定儿童青少年伤害防控策略和措施提供参考依据。
方法收集整理中国疾病预防控制信息系统的人口死亡信息登记管理系统中报告的2014—2020年广西21个国家级监测点的0～19岁儿童青少年伤害死亡资料，按照国际疾病分类法（ICD-10）进行统一编码分类，计算死亡率、年度变化百分比（APC）等指标，并运用χ²检验对组间差异进行统计分析。
结果 2014—2020年广西0～19岁儿童青少年年均伤害死亡率为17.70/10万，占死亡总数的34.93%，是该年龄段第1位死因。伤害死亡率呈现逐年下降的趋势，男性死亡率22.44/10万，女性死亡率12.04/10万，男性死亡率高于女性，差异有统计学意义（χ²＝283.39，P＜0.001）。溺水、道路交通事故、意外跌落、意外中毒和窒息为儿童青少年的前5位伤害死因，占伤害死亡总数的81.90%。首位伤害死因：0～岁组的为窒息，1～14岁组为溺水，15～19岁组为道路交通事故。
结论 2014—2020年广西0～19岁儿童青少年伤害死亡率呈现逐年下降的趋势，前5位伤害死因为溺水、道路交通事故、意外跌落、意外中毒和窒息，应根据儿童青少年人群伤害死亡特点采取相应的防制策略。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the mortality rate of injury in children and adolescents in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region from 2014 to 2020, and provide evidence for injury prevention and behavioral intervention in children and adolescents.
Methods The injury death data in children and adolescents aged 0−19 years from 2014 to 2020 were obtained from the national cause of death surveillance system in Guangxi for an analysis according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10^th revision (ICD-10). The injury mortality rate and the annual change percentage in children and adolescents in Guangxi were calculated, and group comparisons was conducted by χ² test.
Results The average annual mortality rate of injury was 17.70/100 000 in children and adolescents in Guangxi from 2014 to 2020. Injury deaths accounted for 34.93% of the total deaths and injury was the first leading cause of deaths in local children and adolescent aged 0−19 years old. The injury mortality rate in children and adolescents aged 0−19 years in Guangxi during 2014−2020 declined year by year. The injury mortality rate in boys was 22.44/100 000, significant higher than that in girls (12.04/100 000), the difference was significant (χ²＝283.39, P＜0.001). The first five leading injury related death causes were drowning, traffic accident, accident falls, accident poisoning and asphyxia, which were responsible for 81.90% of injury deaths in local children and adolescent aged 0−19 years old. The first cause of injury death in age group under 1 year was asphyxia, the first cause of injury death in age group 1−14 years was drowning, and the first cause of injury death in age group 15−19 years was traffic accident.
Conclusion The mortality rate of child injury in Guangxi decreased year by year. The first five leading injury related death causes were drowning, traffic accident, accident falls, accident poisoning and asphyxia. Injury prevention strategies and measures should be taken in accordance with the characteristics of children and adolescents.

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