Objective  To analyze the mortality rate of respiratory disease and its trend in residents in Jiangxi province from 2014 to 2021, and provide scientific bases for the prevention and control of respiratory disease.

  Methods  Based on the death surveillance data in 20 national cause-of death surveillance areas in Jiangxi from 2014 to 2021, the mortality rate, standardized mortality rate of respiratory disease were calculated. The average annual percent charge (AAPC) was used to analyze the changing trend of respiratory disease mortality.

  Results  From 2014 to 2021, a total 56196 deaths of respiratory disease were reported in Jiangxi, the crude mortality rate and the standardized mortality rate were 83.14/100 000 and 73.32/100 000 respectively. The standardized mortality rate showed a decreasing trend from 2014 to 2021 with the AAPC of −4.16%. The crude mortality and the standardized mortality was higher in men than in women, in rural area than in urban area, the standardized mortality rate showed decreasing trends in both men and women, in both rural area and urban area. The mortality rate of respiratory disease in age groups 0−, 1−4, 50−59, 60−69 and 70−79 years all showed downward trends from 2014 to 2021. The mortality rates of acute upper respiratory infection, acute lower respiratory infection and bronchial asthma all showed downward trends, and the mortality rates of pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases remained at low levels. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the main cause of death from respiratory diseases, the changes in its mortality and standardized mortality rates were not significant.

  Conclusion  The standardized mortality rate of respiratory disease in residents in Jiangxi decreased from 2014 to 2021. Further studies are needed to focus on COPD. More efforts are needed to reduce respiratory disease in rural residents, men and elderly population.