2013－2021年新疆维吾尔自治区孕产妇乙型肝炎病毒检测及感染情况分析

关灵灵; 木那瓦尔·那曼; 扎帕古力·依米提; 艾比拜·买买提明

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202206200276

2013－2021年新疆维吾尔自治区孕产妇乙型肝炎病毒检测及感染情况分析

doi: 10.3784/jbjc.202206200276

1.
新疆维吾尔自治区妇幼保健院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830000
2.
伊犁州妇幼保健院, 新疆伊宁 835000
3.
哈密市伊州区妇幼保健计划生育服务中心, 新疆伊州区 839000

基金项目: 中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心2020年度“母婴营养与健康研究项目”（ No. 2020FYH022）

详细信息

作者简介:
关灵灵，女，新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市人，硕士，副主任医师，主要从事预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播工作，Email：397378066@qq.com

通讯作者:
艾比拜·买买提明， Tel：0991−7652261，Email：583930469@qq.com

中图分类号: R211; R512.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-01

Detection and prevalence of hepatitis B in pregnant women in Xinjiang, 2013−2021

1.
Xinjiang Women and Children's Health Hospital, Urumq 830000, Xinjiang, China
2.
Maternal and Child Health Center of Yili Autonomous Prefecture, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China
3.
Maternal and Child Health Center of Yizhou District, Yizhou 839000, Xinjiang, China

Funds: This study was supported by Maternal and Child Nutrition and Health Research Projects of National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC (No. 2020FYH022)

More Information

Corresponding author: Aibibai· Maimaitiming, Email: 3726624749@qq.com

摘要

摘要: 目的分析新疆维吾尔自治区（新疆）不同地区孕产妇乙型肝炎（乙肝）检测、感染情况和时空分布，为制定乙肝防控政策和措施提供参考依据。方法利用预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播信息管理系统监测数据，使用SPSS 25.0和Geoda 1.14软件，分析2013－2021年新疆孕产妇乙肝检测率、检测阳性率年度变化和检测阳性率时空分布特征。结果 2013－2021年新疆孕产妇乙肝检测率从93.68%提升到了99.99%，孕期乙肝检测率从69.33%提升到了99.40%，乙肝感染孕产妇所生新生儿的乙肝免疫球蛋白注射率从96.11%提升到了99.79%，孕产妇乙肝检测阳性率从2013年的2.60%下降到2021年的2.36%。乙肝平均检测阳性率最高的3个地区分别是博尔塔拉蒙古自治州、克拉玛依市和巴音郭楞蒙古自治州，均超过了3.40%，较低的3个地区为和田地区、阿勒泰地区和阿克苏地区，低于1.70%。 Moran's I分析显示新疆孕产妇的乙肝感染未出现空间聚集现象。结论新疆孕产妇乙肝检测率保持较高水平，孕期检测率逐年上升；孕产妇乙肝检测阳性率虽略有降低，但未呈下降趋势，并且地区间差异较大，呈区域随机性分布。应加强孕产妇人群的乙肝感染防控，进一步减少乙肝母婴传播。
- 孕产妇 /
- 乙型肝炎 /
- 感染
Abstract: Objective To analyze the detection, prevalence and spatiotemporal distribution of hepatitis B in pregnant women in different areas of Xinjiang and provide evidence for the hepatitis B prevention and control in pregnant women. Methods The data were collected from the information management system for preventing mother to child transmission of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B, and software SPSS 25.0 and Geoda 1.14 were used to analyze the annual changes of detection rate, positive detection rate and spatiotemporal distribution of positive detection rate of hepatitis B in pregnant women in Xinjiang from 2013 to 2021. Results From 2013 to 2021, the detection rate of hepatitis B in pregnant women in Xinjiang increased from 93.68% to 99.99%, the detection rate of HBsAg during pregnancy increased from 69.33% to 99.40%, the injection rate of hepatitis B immunoglobulin in newborns of mothers with hepatitis B increased from 96.11% to 99.79%, and the positive detection rate in pregnant women decreased from 2.60% in 2013 to 2.36% in 2021. Three areas with high average hepatitis B positive detection rates were Boertala, Karamay and Bayingoleng prefectures, with positive rates exceeding 3.40%, while the three areas with low average hepatitis B positive detection rates were Hotan, Altay and Aksu, with positive rates below 1.70%. Moran index analysis showed no spatial clustering of hepatitis B cases in pregnant women in Xinjiang. Conclusion The detection rate of hepatitis B in pregnant women in Xinjiang remained to be high, and the detection rate during pregnancy increased year by year. Although the positive detection rate of hepatitis B in pregnant women decreased slightly, it did not show a downward trend, and there were large area specific differences, showing an area specific random distribution. The prevention and control of hepatitis B in pregnant women should be strengthened to further reduce the mother to child transmission.
- Maternal /
- Hepatitis B /
- Infection

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图 1 2013－2021年新疆14个地（州、市）孕产妇乙肝检测阳性率热力图

Figure 1. Heat map of positive hepatitis B detection rate in pregnant women in 14 prefectures of Xinjiang, 2013–2021

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2013－2021年新疆孕产妇HBsAg检测情况

Table 1. HBsAg detection in pregnant women in Xinjiang, 2013−2021

年份	分娩产妇数（例）	总检测		孕期		产时
年份	分娩产妇数（例）	检测数（例）	检测率（%）	检测数（例）	检测率（%）	检测数（例）	检测率（%）
2013	450 012	421 566	93.68	312 008	69.33	109 558	24.35
2014	485 950	482 581	99.31	380 647	78.33	101 934	20.98
2015	435 222	433 406	99.58	362 016	83.18	71 390	16.40
2016	360 684	359 491	99.67	319 783	88.66	39 708	11.01
2017	288 186	287 594	99.79	265 319	92.07	22 275	7.73
2018	205 791	205 640	99.93	195 748	95.12	9 892	4.81
2019	185 301	185 273	99.98	179 897	97.08	5 376	2.90
2020	165 659	165 560	99.94	162 970	98.38	2 590	1.56
2021	147 892	147 880	99.99	147 007	99.40	873	0.59
χ²值			41 311.80		190 611.88		149 058.46
P值			<0.05		<0.05		<0.05

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 2013－2021年新疆孕产妇乙肝检测阳性率

Table 2. Positive detection rate of hepatitis B in pregnant women in Xinjiang, 2013−2021

年份	孕产妇检测数（例）	孕产妇
年份	孕产妇检测数（例）	阳性数（例）	阳性率（%）
2013	490 542	12 748	2.60
2014	519 329	12 569	2.42
2015	457 391	12 321	2.69
2016	378 226	9 688	2.56
2017	303 821	7 717	2.54
2018	224 698	6 212	2.76
2019	209 115	5 860	2.80
2020	170 429	4 053	2.38
2021	172 794	4 075	2.36

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 2013－2021年新疆孕产妇乙肝检测阳性率全局Moran’s I空间自相关分析

Table 3. Global Moran's I spatial autocorrelation analysis on positive hepatitis B detection rate in pregnant women in Xinjiang, 2013–2021

年份	Moran's I值	Z值	P值
2013	0.158	1.422	0.093
2014	0.284	2.325	0.017
2015	0.224	1.990	0.036
2016	0.128	1.363	0.098
2017	0.044	0.884	0.198
2018	−0.031	0.317	0.347
2019	−0.191	−0.671	0.251
2020	−0.020	0.340	0.322
2021	0.045	0.794	0.190

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 2013－2021年新疆乙肝感染产妇所生新生儿乙肝免疫球蛋白注射情况

Table 4. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection in newborns of mothers with hepatitis B in Xinjiang, 2013 to 2021

年份	感染产妇所生新生儿数（人）	注射免疫球蛋白
年份	感染产妇所生新生儿数（人）	新生儿数（人）	注射率（%）
2013	10 664	10 249	96.11
2014	11 403	11 083	97.19
2015	10 971	10 820	98.62
2016	10 720	10 602	98.90
2017	8 995	8 920	99.17
2018	7 470	7 451	99.75
2019	7 018	7 005	99.81
2020	5 654	5 647	99.88
2021	4 840	4 830	99.79

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