Objective  To evaluate the effect of intensive prevention and control of mother to child transmission of AIDS in the project of poverty alleviation through AIDS prevention and control in Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan province.

  Methods  The HIV antibody test results of pregnant women, intervention results in HIV-infected mothers and their children were collected to analyze the changes of indicators related to the prevention and control of mother to child transmission of AIDS during this period from 2010 to 2021 in Liangshan.

  Results  After the implementation of the project in Liangshan, the rate of mother to child transmission of HIV in four key counties and Liangshan decreased year by year (Ρ＜0.05), the average annual antiviral drug use rate in the early phase, the viral load detection rate , the CD4 T lymphocytes detection rate of HIV-infected mothers, the follow up rate in children over 18 months increased by 20.31%, 27.03%, 20.10% and 7.78% respectively (Ρ＜0.05). The HIV antibody detection rate in pregnant women, the hospital delivery rate in HIV-infected mothers, the antiviral drug use rate in HIV-infected mothers, the antiviral drug use rate in children mothered by HIV-infected women, the early diagnosis rate within 6 months after birth, and the HIV antibody detection rate in children over 18 months all showed an upward trend before the implementation of the project (Ρ＜0.05). After the implementation of the project, except the HIV antibody detection rate in children over 18 months which had no change or increased year by year trend (Ρ＞0.05), the other items had average annual increases of 0.13%, 1.83%, 0.70%, 1.09%, 3.89% respectively. (Ρ＜0.05).

  Conclusion  The intensive prevention and control of AIDS has effectively controlled mother to child transmission of HIV and improved the quality and level of preventing mother to child transmission of HIV in Liangshan.