基于2020－2022年湖南省健康人群免疫水平监测的免疫程序调整对流行性腮腺炎抗体水平影响分析

赖智维; 张淑君; 方明礼; 李芳彩; 尹雯莲; 刘红专; 沈吟

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202308020383

基于2020－2022年湖南省健康人群免疫水平监测的免疫程序调整对流行性腮腺炎抗体水平影响分析

Influence of immunization schedule adjustment on mumps antibody level in healthy population based on an immunity level surveillance results in Hunan, 2020−2022

摘要

摘要:
目的分析免疫程序调整对湖南省健康人群流行性腮腺炎抗体水平的影响，为评估2剂次含腮腺炎成分疫苗（MuCV）免疫策略的短期免疫效果提供依据。
方法数据来源于2020—2022年湖南省流行性腮腺炎人群免疫水平监测数据，将免疫程序调整后完成2剂次MuCV接种的监测对象作为2剂次组，根据2剂次组的年龄范围选择仅完成1剂次MuCV接种的监测对象作为1剂次组，计算并比较两组间IgG抗体阳性率和抗体几何平均浓度（GMC）的差异。
结果本研究共纳入符合条件的对象169人，其中2剂次组73人，1剂次组96人。两组间性别、年龄、采样距末次MuCV接种时间间隔的分布差异均无统计学意义（χ²=0.002、3.618、0.757，P=0.963、0.164、0.685）。 2剂次组抗体阳性率为98.63%，高于1剂次组的81.25%，差异有统计学意义（χ²=12.553，P<0.05）。 2剂次组抗体GMC为928.48 IU/mL，高于1剂次组的265.89 IU/mL，差异有统计学意义（H=47.659，P<0.05）。
结论实施2剂次MuCV接种免疫策略后，湖南省1～3岁人群腮腺炎IgG抗体阳性率和抗体GMC均有明显提高，短期内抗体GMC随时间下降不明显。但免疫策略调整对腮腺炎抗体水平的长期免疫持久性和对减少流行性腮腺炎发病的作用，均需进一步观察。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the influence of immunization schedule adjustment on mumps antibody level in healthy population in Hunan province and provide evidence for the evaluation of short-term immunization effect of 2-dose mumps containing vaccine (MuCV).
Methods A mumps immunity level surveillance in healthy population was conducted in Hunan from January 2020 to December 2022. In local children aged 1-3 years, those who got 2 dose MuCV vaccination after immunization schedule adjustment were selected as 2-dose group and those who only got 1 dose MuCV vaccination were selected as 1-dose group. The positive rate and geometric mean concentration (GMC) of mumps IgG in two groups were calculated and compared.
Results A total of 169 study subjects were included, including 73 in 2-dose group and 96 in 1-dose group. There was no significant difference in gender, age, and interval from last MuCV vaccination between two groups (χ²=0.002, P=0.963; χ²=3.618, P=0.164; χ²=0.757, P=0.685). The positive rate of mumps IgG was higher in 2-dose group (98.63%) than in 1-dose group (81.65%) (χ²=12.553, P<0.05). The GMC of mumps IgG was higher in 2-dose group (928.48 IU/mL) than in 1-dose group (265.89 IU/mL) (H=47.659, P<0.05).
Conclusions The positive rate and GMC of mumps IgG increased in 1–3 years-old healthy population after the implementation of 2-dose MuCV vaccination in Hunan, and the GMC of IgG showed no obvious decline in the observation period, but the influences of immunization schedule adjustment on long-term immunity persistence and reduction of mumps cases need to be further observed.

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