Abstract: In September 2023, a total of 73 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 236 countries and regions. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting greatest number of countries and regions were COVID-19 (236), mpox (115), dengue fever (31), measles (26) and cholera (14). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were Nipah virus infection (33.3%), plague (20.0%), Lassa fever (17.1%), Crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (9.4%) and West Nile disease (7.1%). The top five infectious diseases with greatest number of deaths were COVID-19, malaria, dengue fever, measles and cholera. The prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were COVID-19, cholera, mpox, Crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever and dengue fever, the prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were COVID-19, cholera, mpox, Lassa fever, diphtheria, poliomyelitis and measles, the prevalent infectious diseases in America were COVID-19, cholera, mpox, dengue fever, chikungunya fever and Zika virus disease, the prevalent infectious disease in Europe was West Nile disease.