Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of injury caused by fall in Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, from 2021 to 2023, and provide evidence for development of targeted prevention measures.

Methods The data of fall-caused injury cases were collected from a grade III hospital in Shihezi from 2021 to 2023, including general information, basic information of injury events and clinical information, and the difference was analyzed by χ² test. The peak time and peak time range of fall-caused injury were analyzed by circular distribution method.

Results A total of 9243 fall-caused injury cases were investigated, the male to female ratio of the cases was 1.39∶1. The cases in age group 15–29 years accounted for the highest proportion (22.59%), the cases with education level of primary school accounted for the highest proportion (19.87%), and the proportion of the cases in primary school students was highest (28.30%). Most reported cases of fall-caused injury occurred from January 30 to August 30 each year, and the reported case count reached the peak on May 12. The cases mainly occurred during 10:39–23:54 with the incidence peak at 17:16 in a day. The moderate-severe fall-caused injury cases in age group ≥ 60 years mainly occurred from April 15 to December 10, and the reported case count peaked on August 12, and the cases mainly occurred during 7:23–18:14 with the incidence peak at 12:49 in a day. The most common injury sites were head and neck (32.49%), the most common place where fall occurred was home (44.29%), and the most common cause was leisure activity (45.70%).

Conclusion Fall was the main cause of injury in Shihezi. Corresponding prevention strategies and intervention measures should be developed according to the fall-caused injury in different populations, times and places.