Objective To understand the prevalence of schistosomiasis in Wuhan of Hubei province from 2013 to 2022 and provide evidence support to facilitate the elimination of schistosomiasis.

Methods The prevalence data of schistosomiasis in Wuhan from 2013 to 2022 were collected, including epidemic area type, prevalence in human, prevalence in cattle and oncomelania information, for a descriptive analysis. The changing trend of the positive rates of blood test and stool test were analyzed with trend χ² test.

Results Schistosomiasis transmission interruption was achieved in Wuhan in 2019, and the elimination of schistosomiasis was achieved in 7 districts in Wuhan in 2022. No local acute schistosomiasis cases or infected farm cattle were found from 2013 to 2022, and the positive rate of human blood test showed a decreasing trend year by year, the differences were significant (χ²=2435.039, P<0.001); The total area of oncomelania decreased from 12791.36 hm² to8807.44 hm², a decrease of 31.15%. The density of live oncomelania decreased from 0.0324 per frame in 2013 to 0.0237 per frame in 2022. There was significant difference between the area of oncomelania in embankment and the area of oncomelania outside embankment from 2013 to 2022 (χ²=74.956, P<0.001).

Conclusion The prevalence of schistosomiasis in Wuhan showed a continuous downward trend from 2013 to 2022 and it is a critical period from transmission interruption to elimination of schistosomiasis. It is necessary to further improve the surveillance and early warning system, continuously carry out schistosomiasis case, influencing factor and risk surveillance and conduct timely response to potential risk. Meanwhile, the oncomelania area in embankment should be further reduced and health education should be further strengthened to facilitate the elimination of schistosomiasis.