Abstract: In March 2024, a total of 75 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 236 countries and regions. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting greatest number of countries and regions were coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (236), mpox (117), dengue fever (31), cholera (19) and measles (18). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) (52.10%), streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (24.80%), Lassa fever (18.60%), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (9.20%) and mpox (6.70%). The top five infectious diseases with greatest number of deaths were COVID-19, measles, cholera, dengue fever and mpox. The prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were COVID-19, cholera, dengue fever, mpox, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, the prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were COVID-19, cholera, yellow fever, Lassa fever, mpox, measles, malaria and dengue fever, the prevalent infectious diseases in America were COVID-19, mpox, dengue fever, chikungunya fever and Zika virus disease, the prevalent infectious disease in Europe were COVID-19 and mpox.