Abstract:
Objective To conduct epidemiological analysis and laboratory diagnosis of the first suspected cutaneous anthrax outbreak in Tunliu district of Changzhi, Shanxi province, in 2024, and provide important data support for the prevention and control of anthrax outbreaks.
Methods Field epidemiological investigation was conducted in suspected anthrax cases and close contacts; the samples were collected from them for Bacillus anthracis isolation, identification, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection and canonical single nucleotide polymorphis (canSNP) molecular typing.
Results This was a sporadic human cutaneous anthrax outbreak, the source of infection was identified sick and dead cattle, and the cases were supposed to be infected due to the contacts with sick and dead cattle. B. anthracis was isolated from srrounding environmental samples, and B. anthracis-specific genes were detected in both human case samples and environmental samples, and the canSNP molecular typing indicated that they belonged to A.Br.Ames genotype.
Conclusion The epidemiological investigation and laboratory diagnosis indicated tha tthe anthrax outbreak was a sporadic one potentially caused by human contact with sick and dead cattle suffering from anthrax. It is suggested to strengthen the tracking and management of infectious sources and disinfection of the contaimnated area, and further carry out relevant surveillance to prevent the formation and expanding of new anthrax focus.
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