Abstract: In April 2025, a total of 73 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 236 countries and regions. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting greatest number of countries and regions were Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (236), mpox (132), dengue fever (36), measles (26) and cholera (18). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) (48.3%), yellow fever (40.1%), Middle East respiratory syndrome (36.0%), Ebola virus disease (28.6%) and Lassa fever (19.1%). The top five infectious diseases with greatest number of deaths were COVID-19, cholera, yellow fever, mpox, and dengue fever. The prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were COVID-19, cholera, dengue fever, mpox, poliomyelitis and Middle East respiratory syndrome, the prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were COVID-19, cholera, Lassa fever, mpox, malaria, dengue fever and poliomyelitis, the prevalent infectious diseases in America were COVID-19, yellow fever, dengue fever, mpox and measles, the prevalent infectious disease in Europe were COVID-19, mpox and measles.