Objective To assess the risk of public health emergencies that may occur or be imported from abroad in China (except Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan region, the same below) in June 2025.

Methods Based on the reports of domestic and foreign public health emergencies and surveillance results of key infectious diseases or notifications from relative agencies and departments, the expert consultation conference was hold and experts from provincial (autonomous region and municipal) centers for disease control and prevention attended this conference through video terminal.

Results It is predicted that the incidence of public health emergencies in June 2025 would be at the same level as that in May 2025. The main public health emergencies would be infectious diseases. The peak of the current wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections in China has passed. During the epidemic peak, it did not bring additional pressure to the existing medical resources. It is expected that the epidemic will show a fluctuating downward trend in the follow-up. Measles outbreaks have occurred in many countries around the world, and the number of reported measles cases in China is higher than the same period last year. There is a risk of epidemic transmission in immunocompromised areas. China has entered the peak activity period of Aedes mosquitoes, and the risk of dengue fever cluster outbreaks in some areas of Class I provinces has increased. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is in the peak incidence period, with cases mainly sporadic, and there is a risk of clustered epidemics caused by human-to-human transmission. June is a high-risk season for food poisoning incident. The peak season for poisoning incidents caused by toxic plants, animals, and poisonous mushrooms has arrived, and the number of reported microbial food poisoning cases and the number of poisoned people will significantly increase. The human infection with avian influenza remains an occasional and sporadic spillover event from birds to humans, and the risk of human infection with avian influenza in China is low. The mpox clade IIb epidemic in China will continue to maintain a low-level fluctuating trend. After the importation of mpox virus clade I cases, there is also a risk of secondary transmission. Hand, foot and mouth disease is in the epidemic season, with an upward trend in incidence, and the summer peak is expected to occur in June-July. The risk of heatstroke in June will increase, and infants, young children and the elderly are high-risk groups for severe heatstroke.

Conclusion Attention should be paid to COVID-19, measles, dengue fever, SFTS, food poisoning, human infection with avian influenza, mpox, hand, foot and mouth disease, heat stroke.