2010－2021年上海市杨浦区急性心肌梗死死亡趋势及其对期望寿命的影响

秦永发; 赵佳; 李辉; 陈静; 张涛; 韩雪

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202404240266

2010－2021年上海市杨浦区急性心肌梗死死亡趋势及其对期望寿命的影响

Incidence trend of acute myocardial infarction death and its impact on life expectancy in Yangpu district, Shanghai, 2010−2021

摘要

摘要:
目的分析2010—2021年上海市杨浦区居民急性心肌梗死（AMI）死亡率变化趋势，探讨AMI对期望寿命变化的影响，为AMI防治提供科学依据。
方法选择2010—2021年上海市杨浦区户籍居民死因监测数据，计算AMI的死亡率、标化死亡率、期望寿命、去死因期望寿命（CELE）、去死因期望寿命增长年（PGLEs）、寿命损失率，利用Joinpoint 4.9软件计算年度变化百分比（APC）和平均年度变化百分比（AAPC），分析AMI的死亡率、期望寿命、CELE、PGLEs和寿命损失率的变化趋势。
结果 2010—2021年上海市杨浦区AMI标化死亡率整体呈下降趋势（AAPC=−2.72%，t=−4.874, P=0.001），男性AMI标化死亡率（16.28/10万）始终高于女性（11.32/10万）。 AMI在心脑血管死亡中的占比呈下降趋势（AAPC=−3.56，t=−6.124, P＜0.001），由2010年的8.77%下降至2021年的5.84%。与 2010年相比，2021年上海市杨浦区人群期望寿命增加1.98岁，AMI的CELE 增加1.96岁，PGLEs减少0.02岁，寿命损失率下降0.04%。
结论 2010—2021年上海市杨浦区AMI标化死亡率整体呈下降趋势，男性、老年人群是AMI 防控重点人群。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the incidence trend of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) death in Yangpu district of Shanghai from 2010 to 2021, analyze the impact of AMI on life expectancy, and provide evidence for AMI prevention and control.
Methods The death cause surveillance data and demographic data of residents were collected in Yangpu district from 2010 to 2021, and the mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, life expectancy, cause-adjusted life expectancy (CELE), years of growth in cause-adjusted life expectancy (PGLEs), and loss of life rate of AMI were calculated. Software Joinpoint 4.9 was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and annual percentage change (APC) of AMI mortality for the analyses on the AMI mortality rate, life expectancy, CELE, PGLEs and loss of life rate.
Results From 2010 to 2021, the standardized mortality rate of AMI showed a downward trend in Yangpu (AAPC=−2.72%, t=−4.874, P=0.001), the standardized mortality rate was always higher in men (16.28/100 000) than in women (11.32/100 000). The proportion of AMI death in cardio/cerebrovascular death showed a downward trend (AAPC=−3.56, t=−6.124, P＜0.001), from 8.77% in 2010 to 5.84% in 2021. Compared with 2010, the life expectancy of local residents increased by 1.98 years in Yangpu district in 2021, the CELE of AMI increased by 1.96 years, and the PGLEs decreased by 0.02 years, and the loss of life rate decreased by 0.04%.
Conclusion The standardized mortality rate of AMI showed a downward trend in Yangpu district from 2010 to 2021. Men and elderly people are the key populations in the prevention and control of AMI.

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