2014－2023年湖南省生殖道沙眼衣原体感染流行特征及趋势分析

张静航; 刘维; 陈洁; 周艳君; 覃碧云; 郑军; 邹潇白

2014－2023年湖南省生殖道沙眼衣原体感染流行特征及趋势分析

Epidemiological characteristics of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Hunan, 2014−2023

摘要

摘要:
目的分析2014—2023年湖南省生殖道沙眼衣原体感染报告病例的流行特征，为科学防控提供理论支持。
方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统获取2014—2023年湖南省生殖道沙眼衣原体感染病例个案信息及常住人口数据。使用年度变化百分比（APC）和平均年度变化百分比（AAPC）评价报告发病率的变化趋势，并对AAPC进行组间平行性检验。采用R 4.3.3软件进行数据整理与统计分析，采用Joinpoint 4.9.1.0软件进行模型构建与APC和AAPC的分析。
结果 2014—2023年湖南省生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的报告发病率由2.70/10万上升到6.54/10万，总体呈上升趋势（AAPC=9.16%，P=0.025）。从年龄组看，<20、20～、30～、40～、≥50岁年龄组人群生殖道沙眼衣原体感染报告发病率均呈上升趋势（AAPC=18.78%、11.87%、10.33%、15.57%、19.18%，P<0.05），其中<20岁年龄组报告发病率上升速度快于20～和30～岁年龄组（AAPC差值=6.91%、8.45%，P<0.05），≥50岁年龄组报告发病率上升速度快于20～和30～岁年龄组（AAPC差值=7.31%、8.85%，P<0.05）。从性别看，男性与女性报告发病率均呈上升趋势（AAPC=6.84%、9.40%，P<0.05），上升速度比较差异无统计学意义（AAPC差值=2.57%，P=0.506）。从地区看，湘北、湘南、湘西和湘中地区的报告发病率均呈上升趋势（AAPC=14.04%、6.36%、14.72%、6.24%，P<0.05），且湘西和湘北地区的报告发病率上升速度快于湘南地区（AAPC差值=8.36%、7.68%，P<0.05）。
结论 2014—2023年湖南省生殖道沙眼衣原体报告发病率呈上升趋势，女性、现住湘中地区的报告发病率更高，<20、≥50岁年龄组报告发病率上升速度较快，应针对重点人群加强生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的健康教育与科普宣传。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Hunan province from 2014 to 2023 and provide theoretical support for the effective prevention and control of genital C. trachomatis infection.
Methods The incidence data ofgenital C. trachomatis infection and local population data in Hunan from 2014 to 2023 were obtained from China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were used to evaluate the changes of reported incidence rates, and pairwise comparison was used to test the parallelism between groups. Software R 4.3.3 and Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 were used for data processing, model construction, and calculation of APC and AAPC.
Results The reported incidence rates of genital C. trachomatis infection in Hunan increased from 2.70/100 000 to 6.54/100 000 (AAPC=9.16%, P=0.025). In terms of age group perspective, the AAPCs of reported incidence rates in the age groups <20 years, 20−29 years, 30−39 years, 40−49 years, and ≥50 years were 18.78%, 11.87%, 10.33%, 15.57%, and 19.18%, respectively, the differences were significant. The increase was more obvious in age group <20 years than in age groups 20−29 years and 30−39 years (AAPC_difference=6.91%, 8.45%, P<0.05), and the increase was more obvious in age group >50 years than in age groups 20−29 years and 30−39 years (AAPC_difference=7.31%, 8.85%, P<0.05). In terms of gender group, the reported incidence rates showed upward trends in both men and women (AAPC=6.84%, 9.40%, P<0.05), the difference was not significant (AAPC_difference=2.57%, P=0.506). In terms of geographic distribution, the reported incidence rates of genital C. trachomatis infection in northern, southern, western and central Hunan all showed upward trends (AAPC=14.04%, 6.36%, 14.72%, 6.24%, P<0.05), and the increases were more obvious in western and northern Hunan than in southern Hunan (AAPC_difference=8.36%, 7.68%, P<0.05).
Conclusion From 2014 to 2023, the reported incidence rates of genital C. trachomatis infection showed an upward trend in Hunan. The reported incidence rate was higher in women and in central Hunan, while the increases of the incidence rate were more obvious in age groups <20 years and ≥50 years. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about C. trachomatis infection in key populations.

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