Awareness of AIDS related knowledge in rural residents aged 50 years and above in Liuzhou, 2015 and 2020
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摘要:
目的 比较2015年和2020年广西壮族自治区(广西)柳州市≥50岁农村居民艾滋病知识知晓情况,为当地制定健康教育计划、实施艾滋病防控工作提供依据。 方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,于 2015 年和2020 年抽取柳州市≥50 岁常住农村居民进行艾滋病相关知识问卷调查。 采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选2020年艾滋病知识知晓率的影响因素。 结果 2015年和2020年分别抽取柳州市1 298名和1 373 名调查对象,艾滋病相关知识知晓率分别为24.7%和69.5%,其中“蚊虫叮咬会传播艾滋病吗”问题的正确率在两次调查中均最低,分别为23.7%和64.5%。 2020年调查对象艾滋病知识获取途径主要为电视(60.6%)、医务人员(43.2%)、广播/收音机(41.4%)和报刊(20.8%)。 2020年多因素logistic回归分析显示,高年龄者艾滋病知识知晓率较低(OR=0.516, 95% CI:0.441~0.604);个人月收入1 000~2 000元及以下者(OR=1.674, 95% CI:1.173~2.389)、已婚者(OR=2.458, 95% CI:1.715~3.523)和艾滋病知识获取途径为免费宣传材料和网络者艾滋病知识水平较高。 结论 2020年≥50岁农村居民艾滋病知识水平较2015年显著提升,但仍需加强对年龄较大 、个人月收入<1000元和未婚/离婚/丧偶等重点人群的宣传教育。 Abstract:Objective To compare the awareness of AIDS related knowledge in rural residents aged ≥50 years in Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, between 2015 and 2020, and provide evidence for the development of health education plan and AIDS prevention and control in Liuzhou. Methods By a multi-stage stratified random sampling, rural residents aged ≥50 years in Liuzhou were selected to conduct questionnaire surveys of the awareness of AIDS related knowledge in 2015 and 2020. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors for the awareness of AIDS related knowledge in local rural residents in 2020. Results In 2015 and 2020, a total of 1 298 and 1 373 rural residents in Liuzhou were selected, respectively. The awareness rates of AIDS related knowledge of them were 24.7% and 69.5% respectively. The main sources of AIDS related knowledge in 2020 were TV (60.6%), medical staff (43.2%), radio (41.4%) and newspapers (20.8%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis in 2020 showed that the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge was lower in the elderly (OR=0.516, 95% CI: 0.441−0.604). The individuals with monthly personal income of 1000−2000 yuan (OR=1.674, 95% CI: 1.173−2.389), the married (OR=2.458, 95% CI: 1.715−3.523) and those who obtained AIDS related knowledge from free health education materials and Internet had higher awareness of AIDS related knowledge. Conclusion In 2020, the awareness of AIDS related knowledge in rural residents aged ≥50 years in Liuzhou significantly increased compared with 2015. However, it is still necessary to strengthen the health education about AIDS in the elderly, individuals with monthly income <1 000 yuan and the unmarried/divorced/widowed. -
Key words:
- The elderly /
- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome /
- Awareness rate /
- Comparative analysis
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表 1 2015年和2020年柳州市调查对象基本情况
Table 1. Basic information of rural residents surveyed in Liuzhou in 2015 and 2020
变量 2015年 2020年 两次调查比较 调查
人数
(人)构成比
(%)调查
人数
(人)构成比
(%)χ2值 P值 性别 男性 559 43.1 986 71.8 226.124 <0.001 女性 739 56.9 387 28.2 年龄组(岁) 50~ 489 37.7 432 31.5 69.369 <0.001 60~ 516 39.7 469 34.1 70~ 252 19.4 331 24.1 80~90 41 3.2 141 10.3 民族 汉族 1105 85.1 1158 84.3 0.322 0.570 少数民族 193 14.9 215 15.7 文化程度 小学及以下 952 73.3 614 44.7 241.578 <0.001 初中 272 21.0 672 49.0 高中及以上 74 5.7 87 6.3 婚姻状况 未婚/离婚/丧偶 209 16.1 203 14.8 0.804 0.370 已婚 1089 83.9 1170 85.2 个人月收入(元) <1 000 1084 83.5 323 23.5 971.703 <0.001 1000~ 156 12.0 616 44.9 2000~ 58 4.5 434 31.6 职业 农民 1255 96.7 1278 93.1 21.221 <0.001 工人 16 1.2 53 3.9 其他 27 2.1 42 3.0 表 2 2015年和2020年柳州市≥50岁农村居民艾滋病基础知识知晓率比较
Table 2. Comparison of awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge in rural residents aged ≥50 years in Liuzhou between 2015 and 2020
艾滋病基础知识 2015年(n=1 298) 2020年(n=1 373) 两次调查比较 知晓人数
(人)知晓率
(%)知晓人数
(人)知晓率
(%)χ2值 P值 1. 一个感染了艾滋病病毒的人能从外表上看出来吗 519 40.0 921 67.1 197.138 <0.001 2. 蚊虫叮咬会传播艾滋病吗 307 23.7 886 64.5 451.121 <0.001 3. 与艾滋病病毒感染者或病人一起吃饭会感染艾滋病吗 427 32.9 918 66.9 307.889 <0.001 4. 输入带有艾滋病病毒的血液会得艾滋病吗 538 41.4 1203 87.6 626.696 <0.001 5. 与艾滋病病毒感染者共用注射器有可能得艾滋病吗 525 40.4 1214 88.4 675.914 <0.001 6. 感染艾滋病病毒的妇女生下的小孩有可能得艾滋病吗 470 36.2 1199 87.3 743.762 <0.001 7. 正确使用安全套可以减少艾滋病的传播吗 358 27.6 1080 78.7 700.457 <0.001 8. 只与一个性伴发生性行为可以减少艾滋病的传播吗 431 33.2 1119 81.5 638.990 <0.001 8题全答对 119 9.2 677 49.3 513.881 <0.001 8题全答错 550 42.4 98 7.1 450.819 <0.001 答对≥6题 321 24.7 954 69.5 535.622 <0.001 表 3 2015年和2020年柳州市不同特征≥50岁农村居民艾滋病知识知晓率比较
Table 3. Comparison of awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge in rural residents aged ≥50 years with different characteristics in Liuzhou between 2015 and 2020
变量 2015年(n=1298) 2020年(n=1373) 两次调查比较 调查人数(人) 知晓人数(人) 知晓率(%) 调查人数(人) 知晓人数(人) 知晓率(%) χ2值 P值 性别 男性 559 185 33.1 986 739 74.9 259.979 <0.001 女性 739 136 18.4 387 215 55.6 163.402 <0.001 年龄组(岁) 50~ 489 182 37.2 432 402 93.1 308.212 <0.001 60~ 516 110 21.3 469 320 68.2 219.823 <0.001 70~ 252 25 9.9 331 188 56.8 125.590 <0.001 80~90 41 4 9.8 141 44 31.2 7.526 0.006 民族 汉族 1105 270 24.4 1158 824 71.2 494.289 <0.001 少数民族 193 51 26.4 215 130 60.5 47.746 <0.001 文化程度 小学及以下 952 152 16.0 614 384 62.5 359.657 <0.001 初中 272 120 44.1 672 501 74.6 79.687 <0.001 高中及以上 74 49 66.2 87 69 79.3 3.503 0.061 婚姻状况 未婚/离婚/丧偶 209 27 12.9 203 70 34.5 26.602 <0.001 已婚 1089 294 27.0 1170 884 75.6 532.950 <0.001 个人月收入(元) <1 000 1084 226 20.8 323 174 53.9 133.359 <0.001 1 000~ 156 56 35.9 616 511 83.0 141.331 <0.001 2000~ 58 39 67.2 434 269 62.0 0.605 0.437 职业 农民 1255 297 23.7 1278 876 68.5 512.937 <0.001 工人 16 9 56.3 53 43 81.1 2.867 0.090 其他 27 15 55.6 42 35 83.3 6.355 0.012 表 4 2015年和2020年柳州市≥50岁农村居民艾滋病知识获取途径比较
Table 4. Comparison of sources of AIDS related knowledge in rural residents aged ≥50 years in Liuzhou between 2015 and 2020
获取途径 2015年
(n=1298)2020年
(n=1374)两次调查比较 人数
(人)百分比
(%)人数
(人)百分比
(%)χ2值 P值 免费宣传材料 481 37.1 283 20.6 88.360 <0.001 电视 378 29.1 832 60.6 266.765 <0.001 朋友 310 23.9 82 6.0 170.926 <0.001 医务人员 278 21.4 593 43.2 143.928 <0.001 广播/收音机 53 4.1 569 41.4 514.420 <0.001 报刊 50 3.9 286 20.8 174.895 <0.001 网络 9 0.7 267 19.4 253.251 <0.001 表 5 2015 年和 2020年柳州市≥50岁农村居民艾滋病知识知晓的多因素 logistic 回归分析
Table 5. Multivariate logistic analysis on awareness of AIDS related knowledge in rural residents aged ≥50 years in Liuzhou in 2015 and 2020
变量 赋值 2015年 2020年 OR值(95% CI) P值 OR值(95% CI) P值 性别 男性 对照组 1.000 女性 0.615(0.455~0.831) 0.002 年龄组(岁) 等级资料 0.629(0.506~0.781) <0.001 0.516(0.441~0.604) <0.001 文化程度 小学及以下 对照组 1.000 初中 2.175(1.534~3.082) <0.001 高中及以上 4.274(2.375~7.692) <0.001 婚姻状况 未婚/离婚/丧偶 对照组 1.000 已婚 2.458(1.715~3.523) <0.001 个人月收入(元) <1 000 对照组 1.000 1.000 1 000~ 1.061(0.697~1.616) 0.782 1.674(1.173~2.389) 0.005 2 000~ 2.777(1.483~5.198) 0.001 1.064(0.764~1.482) 0.713 免费宣传材料 否 对照组 1.000 1.000 是 2.563(1.900~3.458) <0.001 1.441(1.005~2.066) 0.047 电视 否 对照组 1.000 是 2.876(2.134~3.877) <0.001 网络 否 对照组 1.000 是 12.463(5.419~28.661) <0.001 医务人员 否 对照组 1.000 是 1.958(1.380~2.778) <0.001 注:仅列出P<0.05的变量 -
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