Abstract: Objective The analysis was conducted to investigate HIV infection among drug users in the city of Taizhou in order to provide the basis for HIV prevention. Methods Drug addicts who entered Taizhou Rehabilitation Center during the years from 2001 to 2005 received continuous survey and serum HIV antibody detections. Results Total of 3,032 drug addicts were investigated, and most of them were unemployed young men. Initial drug addicts accounted for 82.06% of all. The intravenous drug abuse rate was 28.67%. For 45.05% of them, the time of drug addiction was one month to six months. Nine cases were assessed HIV positive, and so the HIV infection rate was 0.30%. These HIV- positive people were all intravenous drug abusers from other provinces, and eight of them had a history of sharing drug syringes. Conclusion The HIV infection among drug users in Taizhou was relatively low. To strengthen the surveillance on HIV monitoring and behavioral intervention of the floating population is vital to control the spread of AIDS in Taizhou.