Abstract: The analysis of the death cause reports could well reflect both the health and economic conditions of a country, and also establish a basis to develop health policies. 115 nations reported the death cause data to WHO in 2003, of which much higher quality was expected. In China, the data was generally collected via the National Disease Surveillance Points (DSP) System and Vital Registration System of Ministry of Health. The DSP system, which covers 1% of the total population in China, is a representative national sample defined by probability sampling. The Vital Registration System, on the other hand, takes a coverage of about 8% of the whole country.