Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological features of diarrhea cases, evaluate the clinical diagnosis of shigellosis in Changping district and reduce the misdiagnosis. Methods A total of 312 diarrhea cases were surveyed individually and the shigellosis strains in their stool samples were cultured and identified according to the national hygiene criteria (WS 287 - 2008). Results Thirty eight samples from diarrhea cases were detected to be positive for Shigella, the total positive rate was 12.18%, The positive rate among diagnosed shigellosis patients was 17.19% (22/128), and the positive rate among infectious diarrhea patients was 12.80% (16/125). The positive rate among migrant worker and famer was higher than others, and the positive rate among the patient with the classical symptom such as fever, mucous stool, bloody purulent stool was higher than others. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis for children outside child care settings was low. Conclusion The clinical misdiagnosis rate of shigellosis was high, the laboratory confirmation should be strengthened.