Abstract: Objective To explore the death causes and patterns among the residents in Liuyang. Methods The death causes were classified according to the ICD-10 and analyzed statistically with SPSS 13.0. Results The average annual mortality rate was 638.67/lakh in Liuyang, The first 5 death causes were circulatory system, respiratory disease, malignant tumor, injury/poisoning and digestive diseases, accounting for 92.54% of all death causes. Conclusion Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, chronic disease, malignant tumor, injury and poisoning were the major death causes in Liuyang, it is necessary to develop appropriate prevention and control measures or interventions