Abstract: Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging diarrheal pathogen. EAEC has caused sporadic infections and outbreaks in both developing and developed countries. We should pay more attention to this pathogen though no EAEC infection has been reported in our country. The pathogenesis of EAEC is complicated, and the strains are highly heterogeneous (polymorphic). The clinical manifestations are various and many factors influence the diagnosis and treatment of EAEC infection. This paper will summarize the pathogenesis of EAEC and the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestation and diagnosis/treatment of EAEC infection.