Abstract: Objective DNA molecular diagnosis represents the development trend of the Vibrio cholerae detection. Effective extraction of the genomic DNA is a key step in the detection of V. cholerae by molecular biological methods. At present, various bacterial DNA extraction methods are used, however, the concentration and purity of DNA varied due to the different principle and procedure. Methods In this study, four different DNA extraction methods (phenol-chloroform extraction, CTAB, commercial kit test and liquid nitrogen grinding) were used to extract V. cholerae genomic DNA and the results were compared. Results The results showed that the efficiencies of phenol-chloroform extraction and CTAB were not high, but their costs were low. Compared with liquid nitrogen grinding by which the efficiency was improved, the commercial kit test still had the advantage of higher efficiency besides the easy operability. Conclusion Phenol-chloroform extraction, CTAB and liquid nitrogen grinding are only suitable for the PCR detection of V. cholerae, but the commercial kit test is suitable for the PCR detection, molecular typing and genomic sequencing of V. cholerae.