2011-2013年浙江省宁波市鄞州区手足口病病原学与流行病学监测分析
Etiology and epidemiology of hand foot and mouth disease in Yinzhou district, Ningbo,2011-2013
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摘要: 目的 探讨2011-2013年宁波市鄞州区手足口病病原学与若干流行病学特征之间的关系。方法 采集3年间1015例手足口病临床诊断病例的标本进行病原学检测并分析病原学监测结果。从中国疾病控制信息系统导出3年间的手足口病疫情数据,统计3年间每个季度的发病率、聚集性疫情数、重症率及重复感染率,并分析此4大流行病学特征与病原学之间的变化关系。结果 3年中优势病毒不断变化,2011年第1-3季度以肠道病毒71型(EV71)为主,2011年第4季度至2012年第2季度以柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)为主,2012年第3季度至2013第4季度以Cox A6为主。2011年发病率随季节变化明显,重症率最高;2012年发病率随季节变化明显,聚集性疫情数最多;2013年发病率曲线随季节变化不明显,重复感染率最高。结论 提示EV71及Cox A16可能受季节因素影响明显,EV71致病严重程度最强,Cox A16传染性最强,Cox A6受季节影响不明显,呈全年流行态势,随着其他肠道病毒的增多,重复感染率增高。Abstract: Objective To analyze the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Yinzhou district of Ningbo, Zhejiang province. Methods A total of 1015 clinical samples were collected from HFMD cases from 2011 to 2013 to conduct etiological detection. The incidence data of HFMD in Ningbo were collected from national disease reporting information system for descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results The predominant virus varied during the three years, i.e. EV71 in 1st-3rd quarters 2011,Cox A16 in 4th quarter 2011 and in 2nd quarter 2012,and Cox A6 in 3rd quarter 2012 and in 4th quarter 2013. The incidence varied with season obviously and the incidence of severe HFMD was highest in 2011. The incidence varied with season obviously and the number of case clustering was highest in 2012. The seasonality of HFMD was not obvious in 2013. Conclusion The epidemic caused by EV71 and Cox A16 might have obvious seasonality. The pathogenicity of EV71 was highest, the transmissibility of Cox A16 was strongest. Cox A6 could cause the disease throughout the year. With the increase of other human enterovirus, the re-infection rate increased.
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