2009－2020年甘肃省张掖市甘州区居民伤害死因分析

王金金; 常玉婷; 陈国辉; 王芳; 周娜娜

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202207140123

2009－2020年甘肃省张掖市甘州区居民伤害死因分析

Analysis on death causes of injury in residents in Ganzhou district, Zhangye, Gansu province, 2009−2020

摘要

摘要:
目的分析甘肃省张掖市甘州区居民伤害死亡分布情况及发展态势，为该区域人群伤害防控提供依据。
方法收集2009—2020年甘州区居民伤害死因监测数据，应用Excel 2019和SPSS 25.0软件完成粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因顺位、死因构成等指标的计算，应用年度变化百分比（APC）进行趋势性统计描述和分析。
结果 2009—2020年甘州区居民伤害的平均总死亡率为53.68/10万，随着年份变化伤害死亡率呈下降趋势（APC=−6.200%，P＜0.05）。男性伤害平均总死亡率为77.62/10万，随着年份变化呈下降趋势（APC=−6.854%，P＜0.05），死因前3位分别是道路交通事故（43.95/10万），自伤（7.39/10万），非故意中毒（5.33/10万）。女性伤害平均总死亡率为28.89/10万，随年份变化总体上呈现下降趋势（APC=−4.305%，P＜0.05），死因前3位同男性一致。 0～14岁居民伤害平均总死亡率为17.38/10万，随年份变化呈下降趋势（APC=−9.154%，P＜0.05），死因前3位为道路交通事故（6.74/10万），意外淹溺和沉没（5.47/10万），跌倒（1.27/10万）；15～64岁居民伤害平均总死亡率为55.18/10万，随年份变化呈下降趋势（APC=−7.504%，P＜0.05），死因前3位为道路交通事故（30.86/10万），自伤（6.94/10万），非故意中毒（4.11/10万）；65岁及以上居民伤害平均总死亡率为113.5/10万，总体变化无明显趋势（APC=−3.343%，P＞0.05），死因前3位为道路交通事故（47.48/10万），自伤（28.45/10万），跌倒（11.18/10万）。
结论 2009—2020年甘州区居民伤害死亡率呈下降趋势,男性伤害死亡率高于女性，道路交通事故为首位伤害死因，不同年龄段人群伤害死亡存在不同分布特点，应针对性地采取防控策略与措施。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the distribution and incidence trend of injury deaths in residents in Ganzhou district of Zhangye, Gansu province and provide evidence for the local prevention and control of injuries.
Methods The death surveillance data of injury of the residents in Ganzhou from 2009 to 2020 were collected, and software Excel 2019 and SPSS25.0 were used to calculate the crude mortality, standardized mortality, rank of death causes, composition of death causes, annual percentage change (APC).
Results The average annual injury mortality rate in residents in Ganzhou was 53.68/100 000, showing a downtrend trends during 2009−2020 (APC=−6.200%, P＜0.05). The average annual injury mortality rate in men was 77.62/100 000, showing a downtrend trend (APC=−6.854%, P＜0.05), the top three causes of death in men were road traffic accident (43.95/100 000), suicide (7.39/100 000), and unintentional poisoning substances (5.33/100 000). The average annual total injury mortality rate in women was 28.89/100 000, showing a downtrend trend (APC=−4.305%, P＜0.05), the top three causes of death in women were same as men's. The average annual injury mortality rate in residents aged 0−14 years was 17.38/100 000, showing a downtrend trend (APC=−9.154%, P＜0.05), and the top three causes of death were road traffic accident (6.74/100 000) and drowning (5.47/100 000), and falls (1.27/100 000); The average annual injury mortality rate in residents aged 15−64 years was 55.18/100 000, showing a downtrend trends (APC=−7.504%, P＜0.05), and the top three causes of death were road traffic accident (30.86/100 000), suicide (6.94/100 000), and unintentional poisoning (4.11/100 000); The average annual injury mortality rate in residents aged ≥65 years was 113.5/100 000 without obvious annual change (APC=−3.343%, P＞0.05), the top three causes of death were road traffic accident (47.48/100 000), suicide (28.45/100 000), and falls (11.18/100 000).
Conclusion The injury mortality rate in residents in Ganzhou showed a downward trend from 2009 to 2020. The injury mortality rate was higher in men than in women. Traffic accident was the first cause of injury deaths. Injury death had different distribution characteristics in different age group. Targeted strategies and measures should be taken for the prevention and control of injury.

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