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邓雪飞, 杜珊珊, 黄晓霞, 王芹, 李阿茜, 李川, 孙丽娜, 芜为, 李昊, 刘铁柱, 田婷婷, 王世文, 梁米芳, 李德新, 谢春, 李建东. 2004－2021年中国肾综合征出血热报告病例流行病学特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(1): 70-74. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202211140490
引用本文: 邓雪飞, 杜珊珊, 黄晓霞, 王芹, 李阿茜, 李川, 孙丽娜, 芜为, 李昊, 刘铁柱, 田婷婷, 王世文, 梁米芳, 李德新, 谢春, 李建东. 2004－2021年中国肾综合征出血热报告病例流行病学特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(1): 70-74. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202211140490
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Deng Xuefei, Du Shanshan, Huang Xiaoxia, Wang Qin, Li Aqian, Li Chuan, Sun Lina, Wu Wei, Li Hao, Liu Tiezhu, Tian Tingting, Wang Shiwen, Liang Mifang, Li Dexin, Xie Chun, Li Jiandong. Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever of renal syndrome in China, 2004−2021[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2023, 38(1): 70-74. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202211140490
Citation: Deng Xuefei, Du Shanshan, Huang Xiaoxia, Wang Qin, Li Aqian, Li Chuan, Sun Lina, Wu Wei, Li Hao, Liu Tiezhu, Tian Tingting, Wang Shiwen, Liang Mifang, Li Dexin, Xie Chun, Li Jiandong. Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever of renal syndrome in China, 2004−2021[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2023, 38(1): 70-74. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202211140490
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2004－2021年中国肾综合征出血热报告病例流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever of renal syndrome in China, 2004−2021

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的   分析我国近年来肾综合征出血热（HFRS）报告病例流行特征，加强对该病流行现状的理解。
      方法   从全国疾病监测信息报告管理系统获得2004—2021年HFRS病例信息，描述分析其分布动态变化特征以及病例诊断情况。
      结果   2004—2021年全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）都有病例报告，HFRS发病总体呈下降趋势，累计报告病例224396例，死亡2068例，年均发病率约为0.93/10万，病死率0.92% 。 病例呈高度分散又相对集中的分布特征，发病数前10位的省份报告发病185207例，占全国总报告病例数的82.54%。 发病呈春夏季峰（4—7月）、秋冬季峰（10月至次年1月）季两个发病高峰，春夏季以5月或6月为高峰，11月或12月是秋冬季发病高峰，春夏季峰占32.20%，秋冬季峰占47.85%，秋冬季峰明显高于春夏季峰。 男女性病例性别比为2.93∶1，55岁以上人群发病率呈明显上升趋势，30～45岁人群发病率明显下降，14岁以下儿童病例占比出现上升趋势。 职业分布仍以农民为主（占67.74%），待业和居家人群病例占比出现明显上升。
      结论   2004—2021年，中国HFRS报告病例数逐步下降到相对低位水平，伴随局部地区发病率的显著起伏；疫情分布地域扩大，部分地区出现再发疫情；高龄人群和儿童病例占比有升高趋势，应引起关注，并制定针对性的策略和措施。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective   To strengthen the understanding of the epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever of renal syndrome (HFRS) in China.
      Methods   The data of reported HFRS cases from 2004 to 2021 was obtained from the the Chinese National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS), and the dynamic change of its epidemiological distributions were analyzed using the descriptive epidemiology method.
      Results   A total of 224396 cases and 2068 deaths were reported in 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), an overall downward trend were revealed in China in 2004–2021 with an average incidence rate of 0.93 per 100 000 persons, and a case fatality rate of 0.92% respectively. The reported cases showed relative spatiotemporal clustering, 82.54% (185 207 cases) of the total number of reported cases were reported in the top 10 provinces in China. The reported cases peaked twice annually. The spring-summer peak, occurring between April and July, contributed 32.20% of cases, and the fall-winter peak, occurring between October and January of the next year, contributed 47.85% of cases overall. The age distribution of reported cases shifted to the elderly group, the incidence increased significantly in people over 55 years old, and decreased significantly in people 30–45 years old. The proportion of children under 14 years old showed an upward trend. The occupational distribution of cases also fluctuated, and the proportion of cases from unemployed and householders increased significantly, except for farmers who still had a high incidence(67.74%).
      Conclusion   From 2004 to 2021, the number of HFRS cases reported in China fell to a relatively low level, accompanied by significant fluctuations in the number of cases in local areas; the geographic distribution of HFRS has expanded, and reemerged at some areas; the high incidence population continues to shift to the elderly population, and the proportion of children cases had an increasing trend, which should be paid attention to and targeted strategies and measures should be developed.

     

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