2021年北京市社区居民和医务人员丙型肝炎防治知识知晓情况调查

王怀; 邱倩; 袁千里; 高培; 陈维欣; 曹志强; 张卫; 聂黎; 吴疆; 庞星火

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202211180506

2021年北京市社区居民和医务人员丙型肝炎防治知识知晓情况调查

Awareness of knowledge about hepatitis C prevention and treatment in residents and medical staff in Beijing, 2021

摘要

摘要:
目的获得北京市市区居民及医务人员对丙型肝炎（丙肝）知识的知晓及诊治和报告情况，为开展不同人群的丙肝知识宣教和提高丙肝诊断报告质量提供依据。
方法 2021年在北京市开展现场调查，社区居民调查采用横断面调查方法，选取北京市东城和通州区作为调查点，每个区按照容量比例抽样原则（PPS）各选取4个社区，每社区随机抽取100名15～65岁居民进行调查。医务人员调查根据2018—2020年丙肝报告病例数和医院级别，选择报告病例数前7家医院的临床医生进行调查。
结果社区居民调查收集有效问卷893份，丙肝基本知识知晓率仅为37.40%；婚姻状况（χ²=11.03，P＜0.05）和文化程度（χ²=39.98，P＜0.05）是社区人群丙肝基本知识的知晓的影响因素。医务人员调查收集有效问卷498份，丙肝基本知识知晓率达95.98%，但专业知识知晓率为20.08%，对于“丙肝病例的诊断分类”和“丙肝临床诊断病例的诊断依据”的知晓率不足10.00%；文化程度（OR=3.35，95%CI：1.82～6.17）、医院科室（OR=0.40，95%CI：0.20～0.78）和近1年是否接受过丙肝专业培训（OR=10.33，95%CI：1.34～79.79）是医务人员丙肝专业知识知晓的影响因素。
结论社区居民对丙肝知识知晓率较低，尤其是对丙肝临床表现认知存在误区。医务人员丙肝基本知识知晓率较高，但专业知识知晓率较低，尤其是对丙肝临床诊断和分类掌握较差。今后应在不同人群开展差异化健康宣教，对医务人员加强丙肝专业知识培训。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the awareness of knowledge about hepatitis C in residents and medical staff and the performance of diagnosis, treatment and reporting of hepatitis C in medical institutions in Beijing, and provide the evidence for the health education about hepatitis C in different populations and improvement of the diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis C.
Methods In 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Dongcheng and Tongzhou districts of Beijing. Four communities were selected in each district according to the principle of proportional to population size. In each community, 100 residents aged 15−65 years were randomly selected for the survey. According to the reported hepatitis C cases number from 2018 to 2020 and the level of hospital, medical staff in hospitals ranking top 7 in reported case numbers were selected for the survey.
Results A total of 893 valid questionnaires were returned in community survey, the awareness rate of basic knowledge of hepatitis C in residents was only 37.40%. Marital status (χ²=11.03, P＜0.05) and education level (χ²=39.98, P＜0.05) were the influencing factors of the awareness of basic knowledge about hepatitis C. A total of 498 valid questionnaires were returned from the medical staff, the awareness rate of basic knowledge about hepatitis C was 95.98%, but the awareness rate of professional knowledge about hepatitis C was only 20.08%. The awareness rate of “Clinical classification of hepatitis C” and “Clinical diagnostic criteria of hepatitis C” was less than 10.00%. Education level (OR=3.35, 95%CI: 1.82−6.17), hospital department (OR=0.40, 95%CI: 0.20−0.78) and professional hepatitis C training history in the past year (OR=10.33, 95%CI: 1.34−79.79) were the influencing factors for the awareness of professional knowledge about hepatitis C in medical staff.
Conclusion In Beijing, the residents’ awareness rate of basic knowledge about hepatitis C was low, especially the clinical manifestations of hepatitis C, and medical staff had a high awareness rate of basic knowledge about hepatitis C, but the awareness rate of professional knowledge about hepatitis C was low, especially the clinical diagnosis and classification of hepatitis C. In the future, it is necessary to conduct targeted health education in different populations and strengthen the training of hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment in medical staff.

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