2010－2022年上海市犬狂犬病病毒分子流行病学特征

刘健; 王建; 张亮; 许炜迪; 王曲直; 俞向前; 龚国华; 孙盛; 赵洪进

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202302270069

2010－2022年上海市犬狂犬病病毒分子流行病学特征

Molecular epidemiological characteristics of canine rabies virus in Shanghai, 2010–2022

摘要

摘要:
目的了解上海地区犬狂犬病病毒分子流行病学特征。
方法应用狂犬病病毒（RABV）直接免疫荧光法（DFA）对2010—2022年上海市送检的44份犬脑组织标本进行检测，对检测阳性标本进行核蛋白基因序列测定和种系发生分析。
结果 25份被动监测的样本中RABV阳性率为92.00%（23/25），18份“一犬伤多人”样本阳性率达到94.44%（17/18）；23株RABV上海市分离株均属于China Ⅰ群，分布在全市北部、中部地区，可以分为4个分支，不同分支流行时间相对集中。
结论 “一犬伤多人”事件的积极监测能有效获得RABV阳性病例，2010—2022年上海市犬狂犬病的流行是China Ⅰ传播扩散的结果。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the molecular epidemiological characteristics of canine rabies virus in Shanghai.
Methods A total of 44 dog brain samples collected in Shanghai during 2010−2022 were detected by using RABV direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA). The N gene of the positive samples were sequenced, and the results were used for phylogenetic analysis.
Results The positive rate of rabies virus (RABV) was 92.00% (23/25) in passive surveillance samples, and 94.44% (17/18) in samples from the cases bitten by same dog. The 23 strains of RABV isolated from Shanghai all belonged to China Group I, being divided into four branches and distributing in northern and central Shanghai, The strain in different branches circulated in different time.
Conclusion Active surveillance for dog bite event can effectively find rabies virus positive cases. The transmission of canine rabies in Shanghai from 2010 to 2022 resulted from the spread of China group I.

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