Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Fuzhou, Fujian province from 2018 to 2022 and provide reference for pertussis prevention and control measures and optimizing immunization stategies.

Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of pertussis in Fuzhou, Fujian province during 2018−2022 was conducted by using the infectious disease surveillance data obtained from Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

Results A total of 365 pertussis cases were reported in Fuzhou, Fujian province from 2018 to 2022, and no death case was reported. The reported pertussis incidence rate in Fuzhou was increasing year by year from 2018 to 2022 with the annual incidence rate increasing from 0.15/100000 in 2018 to 3.20/100000 in 2022. The number of reporting hospitals increased from 4 in 2018 to 14 in 2022. From 2018 to 2020, there were relatively few cases of pertussis in Fuzhou, Fujian province, showing a fluctuating level and no obvious seasonal characteristics. The cases were mainly in the autumn and winter in 2021, and from February to June in 2022. The cases were mainly distributed in the rural-urban fringe and the main urban area. The age-specific incidence was highest among children aged ＜1 years (52.5/100000), followed in age group 5−9 years (3.94/100000), in age group 1−4 years (3.49/100000). 43.37% of children aged 3 months to 15 years have been vaccinated , including 7.53% for 1 dose, 1.43% for 2 doses, 3.23% for 3 doses, and 31.18% for 4 doses. 32.62% for 0 doses, and 24.01% have an unknown.

Conclusions The incidence of pertussis increased year by year in Fuzhou, Fujian province during 2018-2022, and the age-specific incidence was highest among children aged ＜1 years. The proportion of immune blank in age-appropriate subjects was higher. We need continue doing following, including strengthen pertussis monitoring, improve the timeliness of pertussis vaccination, maintain a high level of coverage rate, strengthen the research on the effect of pertussis vaccine and optimize the immunization strategy of pertussis to reduce the incidence of young susceptible people.