2017－2022年山西省布鲁氏菌病流行特征及空间聚集性分析

白永飞; 帖萍; 郑玉华; 闫昌福; 王婷; 王晶莹; 李学敏; 杨红霞; 周正斌; 崔步云

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202307120336

2017－2022年山西省布鲁氏菌病流行特征及空间聚集性分析

Epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering of brucellosis in Shanxi, 2017−2022

摘要

摘要:
目的了解2017—2022年山西省布鲁氏菌病（布病）流行特征和空间聚集性，为其精准防控提供科学依据。
方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统获取疫情数据，通过描述性研究了解山西省布病的三间分布特征；采用GeoDa 1.8.8软件进行全局空间自相关和局部空间自相关分析。
结果 2017—2022年山西省共报告布病21 981 例，死亡1例，报告发病率介于7.56/10万～13.81/10万，年均报告发病率为10.15/10万。累计报告病例数居前4位的大同（3 238例，14.73%）、晋中（3 225例，14.67%）、朔州（3 087例，14.04%）和临汾市（3 063例，13.93%）共报告布病12 613例，占全省报告病例总数的57.38%；布病发病呈季节性，流行高峰期为3—8月，该时段病例数占66.60%（14 639/21 981）；男女性别比为3.38∶1（16 958/5 023）。布病发病以中老年人为主，40～69岁人群的病例占73.39%（16 131/21 981），职业以农民为主（84.59%，18 594/21 981）。全局自相关分析结果显示，山西省2017—2022年布病发病存在空间正自相关（全局Moran's I值0.31～0.44，均P<0.001），即存在空间聚集性；局部自相关分析显示高–高聚集区（热点）主要分布于北部地区的大同、朔州及忻州市，低–低聚集区（冷点）主要分布在中部的太原、阳泉、吕梁市及东南部的长治及晋城市。
结论 2017—2022年山西省布病疫情呈上升趋势，疫情仍然较重，全省布病发病存在明显的空间聚集性，热点区域主要集中在北部区域，建议调整布病防控策略与卫生资源，重点地区开展联防联控工作。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering of brucellosis in Shanxi province from 2017 to 2022, and provide scientific information for the precise prevention and control of brucellosis.
Methods The incidence data of brucellosis cases in Shanxi during 2017−2022 were collected from the notifiable disease management information system of Chinese information system for disease control and prevention for a descriptive analysis. GeoDa 1.8.8 was used for global autocorrelation and local autocorrelation analyses.
Results A total of 21 981 brucellosis cases were reported in Shanxi from 2017 to 2022, including 1 deaths. The reported incidence rate ranged from 7.56/100 000 to 13.81/100 000, the average incidence rate was 10.15/100 000. The top four areas with high cumulative cases were Datong (3 238 cases, 14.73%), Jinzhong (3 225 cases, 14.67%), Shuozhou (3 087 cases, 14.04%) and Linfen (3 063 cases, 13.93%), accounting for 57.38% (12 613/ 21 981) of the total. The incidence of brucellosis showed seasonality. The cases mainly occurred from March to August, accounting for 66.60% (14 639/21 981) of the total. The male to female ratio of reported cases was 3.38∶1 (16 958/5 023). The brucellosis cases were mainly middle aged and elderly people (40–69 years old), accounting for 73.39% (16 131/21 981), and the cases were mainly farmers (88.79%, 18 594/21 981). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a spatial positive correlation (Moran's I ranged from 0.31 to 0.44, all P<0.001) and the spatial clustering was obvious. Local autocorrelation analysis showed that high-high clustering areas (hot spots) were mainly distributed in Datong, Shuozhou and Xinzhou in northern Shanxi, while low-low clustering areas (cold spots) were mainly distributed in Taiyuan, Yangquan and Lyuliang in central Shanxi and Changzhi and Jincheng in southeastern Shanxi.
Conclusion From 2017 to 2022, the incidence of brucellosis in Shanxi showed a upward trend, and the epidemic was still serious. The reported incidence of brucellosis in Shanxi showed spatial clustering, and the hot spots were mainly distributed in northern Shanxi. It is suggested to improve brucellosis prevention and control strategy and adjust the allocation of health resources, and carry out joint prevention and control in key areas.

HTML全文

参考文献(29)

施引文献

资源附件(0)