浙江省温州市瓯海区麻疹疫苗免疫接种状况及其影响因素调查分析
Measles vaccination status and related factors among infants in Ouhai district in Wenzhou city, Zhejiang province
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摘要: 目的 了解浙江省温州市瓯海区本地和外来儿童麻疹疫苗(MV,包括含麻疹成分疫苗)接种率和及时接种率,分析未接种和不及时接种原因,为制定消除麻疹免疫策略提供科学依据。 方法 采用分阶段整群抽样方法,调查2007年4月1日至2010年3月31日出生的本地和外来儿童各225名。 结果 本地儿童MV初免接种率、初免合格接种率、初免及时接种率和复免接种率分别为99.56%、97.33%、76.44%和99.33%;外地儿童MV初免接种率、初免合格接种率、初免及时接种率和复免接种率分别为97.33%、91.56%、63.56%和90.58%。未接种和不及时接种MV以孩子患病未去接种和孩子患病医生不予接种等为主,占67.51%。 结论 温州市瓯海区在实施MV常规免疫的基础上,近几年以外来儿童为重点的MV查漏补种和强化免疫工作取得了明显效果。为进一步提高MV接种率和及时接种率,还需加强外来儿童免疫规划管理和预防接种知识普及宣传。Abstract: Objective To understand the vaccination rate and timely vaccination rate of measles containing vaccine (MV) immunization among local and migrant infants and the related factors of missing vaccination or non-timely vaccination, and provide scientific evidence to develop strategy of eliminating measles. Methods The multistage cluster sampling survey was conducted among 225 local children and 225 migrant children who were born between 1 April 2007 and 31 March 2010. Results The first dose vaccination rates of MV were 99.56% and 97.33%,the qualified vaccination rates were 97.33% and 91.56%,the timely vaccination rates were 76.44% and 63.56% and the second dose vaccination rates of MV were 99.33% and 90.58% respectively in local children and migrant children. Among the children who missed vaccination or received non timely vaccination, 67.51% were due to illness. Conclusion The activities of providing the second immunization opportunity and supplementary immunization of MV in migrant children had made great achievement in Ouhai n recent years,but the management of MV vaccination and health education about vaccination should be strengthened to improve the vaccination rate and timely vaccination rate of MV.
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