Study on incidence pattern of measles and related risk factors in Jiangmen, Guangdong,2013

Objective To understand the reasons for the high incidence of measles in Jiangmen, Guangdong province, in 2013,and provide evidence for measles prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiologic analysis was conducted to describe measles case distribution in Jiangmen in 2013. Case crossover study was performed to compare the cases' hospital exposure rates 7-21 days and 37-51 days before the onset, and case control study was conducted to identify the related risk factors, such as hospital visiting history, contact history with measles cases and vaccination.Results The incidence rate was 6.22/lakh in 2013,and the cases aged 14 years accounted for 67.97%(174/256) of the total. The incidence peak was from July to November. Being floating population(2=238.50,P0.01), hospital visit(OR=6.64,95% CI:3.88-11.43)and measles case contact(OR=6.67,95% CI:2.75-16.96) were risk factors for measles incidence, while vaccination(OR=0.07,95% CI:0.04-0.14) was a protective factor. The case survey rate within 24 hours was 95.31%, the detection and reporting rate within 48 hours was 80.00%. Up to 64.06% of the cases sought medical care after more than 7 days and the emergency vaccination rate within 48 hours was only 13.67% and the average number of vaccinated persons were 6.79 per outbreak.Conclusion Bing floating population, hospital visit, contact with measles cases and receiving no vaccination were the risk factors for measles.