Prevalence of diabetes and related factors in Jinuo ethnic adults of Yunnan province

Objective To investigate the prevalence of diabetes in Jinuo ethnic adults in Jinghong, Yunnan province. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jinuo ethnic people aged 18-75 years during January-May 2012. A total of 5577 Jinuo ethnic adults, including 2649 men and 2928 women, received questionnaire survey, health examination and blood testing. Diabetes and impaired glucose regulation were diagnosed based on WHO 1999 diabetes diagnostic criteria and standardized prevalence of diabetes was calculated according to 2010 national population census data. Results The standardized prevalence of diabetes was 6.8% in the Jinuo ethnic adults surveyed (men:9.4%; women:4.1%). Among 294 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, 38.4% had increased fasting plasma glucose levels (7.0 mmol/L), and 39.8% had increased 2-hour plasma glucose levels (11.1 mmol/L), and 21.8% had both increased fasting plasma glucose levels and increased 2-hour plasma glucose levels. The age-standardized prevalence of prediabetes was 19.6% (men:21.9%; women:17.5%). Among 1052 patients with prediabetes, 42.6%, 43.8%, and 13.6% had impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and both impaired fasting glucose and impaired 2-hour plasma glucose, respectively. The independent risk factors for diabetes and impaired glucose regulation were male, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, central obesity and alcohol consumption. Conclusion Jinuo ethnic men have higher prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes than Jinuo ethnic women. Jinuo ethic adults have higher prevalence of fasting hyperglycemia.