Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable communicable diseases in Changping district of Beijing, 2005–2017

ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence trends and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Changping district of Beijing from 2005 to 2017 and provide evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies.

MethodsThe incidence data of notifiable communicable diseases in Changping from 2005 to 2017 were collected through China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention for epidemiological and statistical analyses.

ResultsA total of 131 041 cases of notifiable communicable diseases were reported in Changping during 2005–2017. The annual incidence rates ranged from 506.32/100 000 to 1 678.80/100 000, showing a gradual decline (trend χ²＝6.739, P＜0.05). Intestinal infectious diseases accounted for 72.67% of the total reported cases, followed by respiratory diseases (18.14%), blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases (10.04%) and animal-borne and vector-borne diseases (0.12%). The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases and blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases showed decrease trends. (trend χ²＝ 5.657, P ＜0.05; trend χ²＝ 9.282, P ＜0.05). The reported incidence rate in males was higher than that in females. The incidence rate in preschool children (＜7 years) was higher than those in other age groups, with cases accounting for 51.80% of the total. The incidence rate in children outside child care setting was high, with cases accounting for 35.23% of the total. Diseases with the higher incidence rates were other infectious diarrhea, hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD), dysentery, tuberculosis and hepatitis. Summer and winter were seasons with annual high incidences of notifiable communicable diseases, and the townships with high incidence rates (Beiqijia, Dongxiaokou, Huilongguan and Shahe) are in the southern area of Changping, near the urban area of Beijing.

ConclusionHFMD, other infectious diarrhea and influenza are major communicable diseases with high incidences in Changping. Preschool children are the key population and the urban-rural fringe adjacent to Chaoyang and Haidian districts is the key area for the prevention and control of communicable diseases in Changping.