Expression of T lymphocyte surface markers in peripheral blood of patients with pulmonary disease

ObjectivesTo observe the expression of T lymphocyte surface markers in peripheral blood of patients with pulmonary disease, and explore the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease from the level of cellular immunity.

MethodsEighty four patients with pulmonary diseases receiving treatment in pneumology department of Shaoxing Hospital from January to December, 2016 were divided into tuberculosis (TB) group (34 cases), the lung cancer (LC) group (25 cases) and non-tuberculosis pneumonia (NTP) group (25 cases) according to the diagnosis, and a healthy control (HC) group (35 cases) was set up simultaneously. The percentages of CD3^＋CD4^＋, CD3^＋CD8^＋, CD3^＋CD45RA^＋/ CD45RO^＋, CD3^＋HLA-DR^＋, CD8^＋HLA-DR^＋ and CD4^＋CD25^＋ T cells in peripheral blood of all experimental groups were detected, and the results were statistically analyzed using t test.

ResultsThe ratios of CD4^＋/CD8^＋ of TB group (1.01±0.48), LC group (1.17±0.39) and NTP group (1.35±0.55) were lower compared with HC group (1.48±0.52) (t＝2.562, t＝2.341, t＝2.112, P＜0.05). The percentages of CD3^＋CD45RO^＋ cells in total T lymphocyte of TB group (65.20%±12.63%), LC group (56.70%±9.98%) and NTP group (55.90%±9.29%) were higher than that of HC group (49.60% ±11.52%, t＝3.422, t＝2.647, t＝2.084, P＜0.05), and that of TB group was higher than those of LC and NTP groups (t＝2.153, t＝3.112, P＜0.05); The percentages of CD3^＋HLA-DR^＋ cells of TB group (19.59%±7.01%) and LC group (21.70%±7.34%) in total T lymphocyte were higher than that of HC group (11.40%±5.33%, t＝2.383, t＝2.533, P＜0.05); The percentage of CD8^＋HLA-DR^＋cells in total T lymphocyte was higher in TB group (11.26%±4.88%) than in HC group (7.10%±3.07%, t＝2.244, P＜0.05). The percentages of CD4^＋CD25^＋cells in total T lymphocyte increased in TB group (10.70%±3.06%) and LC group (10.40%±2.33%) compared with HC group (8.20%±2.79%, t＝2.647, t＝2.662, P＜0.05).

ConclusionThe expressions of surface markers of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood changed in patients with tuberculosis, lung cancer and pneumonia, especially in TB patients. For TB patients, it might be associated with the unique pathogenesis of tuberculosis.