Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Nanyang, Henan, 2005−2020

  Objective  To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis B in Nanyang, Henan province, from 2005 to 2020, and provide evidence for the improvement of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies.

  Methods  The epidemiological data of hepatitis B in Nanyang from 2005 to 2020 were collected for a descriptive epidemiological analysis. The epidemiological index of hepatitis B in different areas and populations in Nanyang during this period were calculated. A random sampling survey was conducted in local residents aged 0−79 years. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect HBsAb. Statistical analysis was conducted by using χ² test and linear regression analysis.

  Results  A total of 153 361 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Nanyang from 2005 to 2020, with an annual average reported incidence rate of 100.46 per 100 000, showing an overall downward trend. The proportion of unclassified hepatitis B cases gradually decreased, while the proportion of chronic hepatitis B cases gradually increased. The incidence was high in age group 15−45 years, and the male to female ratio of the cases was 1.23∶1. Farmers were the most affected group with cases accounting for 77.19% of the total.

  Conclusion  The prevalence of hepatitis B in adolescents and middle-aged adults cannot be neglected. Based on the hepatitis B immunization strategy for children, it is necessary to focus on the prevention and control of chronic hepatitis B in adults to accelerate the elimination of viral hepatitis.