Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) in Fuzhou, Jiangxi from 2013 to 2022, and to provide evidence for the development of AIDS prevention and control measures.
Methods The information of newly reported HIV infection cases and AIDS cases and data of HIV antibody testing in Fuzhou from 2013 to 2022 were collected through China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention for a statistical analysis.
Results During 2013−2022, a total of 5419329 people received HIV antibody testing in Fuzhou. The annual number of HIV antibody screening increased by 3 times from 214300 in 2013 to 853600 in 2022. A total of 1743 HIV/AIDS cases were newly reported during this period, the cases mainly reported by medical institutions. The annual number of new HIV/AIDS cases reported increased 4 times from 57 in 2013 to 290 in 2022. The cases in farmers accounted for 68.40%, the cases who were married accounted for 50.89%, and the cases with education level of primary school and below accounted for 44.69%. The male to female ratio of the cases was 3.91∶1; The cases in age group ≥50 years accounted for 47.61%, showing an increasing trend for 10 years. Heterosexual contact was the main transmission route. Men were mainly infected by extramarital sex, followed by marital sex or sex with regular partner (2.84%). The women infected by marital sex or sex with regular partner accounted for 40.99%, the difference between men and women was significant (χ2=442.439, P<0.001).
Conclusion The newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases increased in recent years in Fuzhou. HIV transmission by extramarital sex in the elderly has become a serious problem. It is necessary to conduct targeted health education and intervention in the elderly to curb the spread of AIDS according to the epidemiological characteristics of AIDS, meanwhile more attention should be paid to men who have sex with men, another population at high risk for HIV infection.
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