Surveillance for main pathogens and drug resistance of clinical isolates in a grade Ⅲ (A) hospital, 2015−2022

Objective To understand the main pathogenic bacteria and the drug resistance of clinical isolates in a grade Ⅲ (A) hospital from 2015 to 2022, and provide evidence for clinical treatment.

Methods The types and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated in the hospital in recent 8 years were retrospectively analyzed. VITEK-2 Compact instrument was used to identify and test the drug susceptibility of bacteria. According to the method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), WHONET 5.6 software was used to calculate the results of bacterial drug resistance.

Results From January 2015 to December 2022, a total of 15 612 pathogenic strains were clinically isolated, in which Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 20.50% and Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 79.50%. The top 10 pathogens were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Stenotrophomonas maltophilial, and Streptococcus agalactia. The detection rate of carbapenem-resistant enterobacter increased from 14.02% to 33.56%, and the detection rate of methicillin-resistant S. aureus decreased from 40.68% to 10.09%. The overall drug resistance rate to common pathogens was high. The drug resistance rates to K. pneumoniae and S. aureus increased significantly.

Conclusion In recent 8 years, the drug resistance of common pathogens isolated in our hospital was serious. It is necessary to further strengthen the prevention and control of hospital infection and continue to monitor drug resistance for rational drug use in clinical practice.