Surveillance for hyperuricemia in adults in Hubei, 2020

Objective  To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia in adults and risk factors in Hubei province and provide evidence for the targeted interventions for the affected population.

Methods The data of the study subjects, such as age, gender, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, blood sugar, blood pressure, blood lipids, blood uric acid, height, weight, waist circumference, were collected from the baseline survey of the 'Hubei Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Survey Project in 2020'. The risk factors for hyperuricemia were analyzed with χ² test and multivariate Logistic regression models.

Results According to the survey results, the crude prevalence rate of hyperuricemia was 9.36% in 19 208 local residents aged >18 years. However, after weighted adjustments, the prevalence rate increased to 11.10%. The prevalence rate was positively correlated with age (trend χ²=10.788, P<0.001), and the crude prevalence rate in men (19.05%) was higher than that in women (3.04%). Additionally, there was no significant difference in the prevalence rate between urban area and rural area (χ²=0.822, P>0.050). Unconditional multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, gender, hypertension, BMI, central obesity, hazardous drinking, harmful drinking and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with the risk for hyperuricemia. Age 45-59 years old odds ratio (OR)=0.746, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.648–0.859, being women (OR=0.135, 95%CI: 0.117–0.155), and underweight (OR=0.491, 95%CI: 0.249–0.970) were found to be protective factors for hyperuricemia. On the other hand, hypertension grade Ⅰ (OR=1.236, 95%CI: 1.084–1.409), grade Ⅱ (OR=1.230, 95%CI: 1.051–1.440), grade Ⅲ (OR=1.793, 95%CI: 1.436–2.240), overweight (OR=1.422, 95%CI: 1.242–1.628), obesity (OR=1.849, 95%CI: 1.535–2.228), central obesity (OR=1.396, 95%CI: 1.220–1.598), hazardous drinking (OR=1.314, 95%CI: 1.029–1.679), harmful drinking (OR=1.237, 95%CI: 1.007–1.519), and dyslipidemia (OR=2.025, 95%CI: 1.812–2.264) were identified as risk factors for hyperuricemia.

Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the intervention in individuals with dangerous and harmful drinking habits, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia to effectively reduce the risk for hyperuricemia.