Epidemiological characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Shanxi based on Joinpoint regression model, 2013−2022

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of newly reported human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) cases in Shanxi province during 2013−2022 and provide theoretical evidence for the prevention and control of AIDS.

Methods The information of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Shanxi from 2013 to 2022 were downloaded from the National Health Security and Disease Control Information System, and the characteristics of the newly reported HIV/AIDS cases were statistically described and analyzed, and the trends were analyzed by using Joinpoint regression model.

Results A total of 12983new HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Shanxi from 2013 to 2022. The cases were mainly caused by sexual transmission, the male to female ratio of the cases was 6.19∶1 (11178∶1 805), and the average age of the cases was (39.65±14.49) years. The cases were mainly reported by medical institutions. The trend analysis showed that the newly reported HIV/AIDS cases from 2013 to 2022 in Shanxi showed a slight increasing (AAPC=5.82%, P=0.008). In the age group >50 years, the cases showed an increasing trend in men (AAPC=8.94%, P=0.001), and an increasing trend by year in women (APC=10.05%, P=0.001). In sexual transmission, the heterosexual transmission and homosexual transmission all decreased in age group 0−24 years (APC=−12.13%, P<0.001; APC=−6.87%, P<0.001), but the heterosexual transmission and homosexual transmission all increased in age group >50 years (APC=7.26%, P<0.001; APC=16.70%, P<0.001). The area specific trend of new detection rate was inconsistent; and the proportion of newly reported cases with the first CD4 cell count <200/μL showed a slight increasing trend by year (APC=3.94%, P<0.001)

Conclusion From 2013 to 2022, newly reported HIV/AIDS cases showed an increasing trend in Shanxi. More cases aged >50 years were reported and more cases were not detected in a timely manner. It is suggested to pay close attention to the elderly, take precise intervention measures and expand the coverage of AIDS screening to effectively curb the spread of AIDS.