Disease burden by infective endocarditis and trend in Hainan, 1990−2019

Objective To analyze the disease burden caused by infective endocarditis in Hainan province from 1990 to 2019 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of infective endocarditis in Hainan.

Methods The data of Global Burden of Disease 2019 (GBD 2019), including the incidence rate, mortality rate, years lived with disability (YLD), years of life lost (YLL), disability-adjusted of life years (DALY) of infective endocarditis and their age-standardized rates, were used to analyze the changes in the disease burden of infective endocarditis by gender and age in Hainan from 1990 to 2019. Annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated to analyze the trend of the disease burden by infective endocarditis and compare with the national level.

Results From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized YLD rate (ASYLDR) of infective endocarditis showed upward trends, while the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age-standardized YLL rate (ASYLLR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) showed downward trends in Hainan. In 2019, the ASIR and ASMR of infective endocarditis were 15.14/100 000 and 0.27/100 000, respectively. The DALY, YLD and YLL were 762.70, 22.55 and 740.15 person years, respectively, and the age standardized rates were 7.63/100 000, 0.23/100 000 and 7.40/100 000, respectively. The YLL accounted for 97.04% of DALY. In 2019, the ASDR, ASIR and ASMR of infective endocarditis were higher in men than in women. In different age groups, the incidence rate, mortality rate and DALY rate were highest in age group ≥95 years. From 1990 to 2019, the ASIR of infective endocarditis was higher in Hainan compared with the national average level, but the differences in other indicators became smaller.

Conclusion From 1990 to 2019, the overall disease burden by infective endocarditis showed a mitigation trend in Hainan, but the ASIR and ASYLDR showed upward trends. The ASIR might continue to increase in the future. More attention should be paid to the elderly to reduce the disease burden of disease caused by disability.