Analysis on epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of other infectious diarrheal disease in Changping district, Beijing, 2013−2022

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Changping district, Beijing from 2013 to 2022, and to provide evidence for effective prevention and control measures.

Methods The incidence data of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Changping from 2013 to 2022 were collected from Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the epidemic characteristics, and annual percentage change (APC) was calculate by Joinpoint regression model to reflect trend changes.

Results A total of 30569 cases of other infectious diarrheal diseases were reported in Changping from 2013 to 2022, with an average annual incidence rate of 154.19/100000. The incidence rate showed a slow increase from 2013 to 2018 without statistical significance (APC=9.62%, P>0.05). The incidence rate showed rapid decrease during 2018−2022 (APC=−26.85%, P<0.05). There were two incidence peaks in summer (June-August) and winter (November-January), and the incidence changes could be observed in March, July and October (APC_Jan.-Mar.=−18.11%, APC_Mar.-Jul.=22.34%, APC_Jul.-Oct.=−19.96% and APC_Oct.-Dec.=22.40%, P<0.05). The annual incidence rate was higher in men than in women (χ²=38.017, P<0.001), and the turning point of male incidence rate trend is earlier than that of female. The majority of the cases were children aged under 5 years (52.07%), and the incidence decreased with age (trend χ²=104 667.924, P<0.001).

Conclusion The incidence of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Changping showed an downward trend in the past 10 years, especially in the past 5 years. However, the incidence rate in children aged 3−＜4 years showed a significant upward trend. Children under 5 years old were the key populations, while summer and winter were the key seasons for the prevention and control of other infectious diarrheal diseases. Targeted measures should be taken for the accurate prevention and control of other infectiou diarrheal diseases in children under 5 years old according to the seasonality of the disease.