Summary of global surveillance data of infectious diseases in March 2025

In March 2025, a total of 66 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 236 countries and regions. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting greatest number of countries and regions were coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (236), mpox (131), dengue fever (32), measles (22) and cholera (21). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) (48.20%), yellow fever (40.50%), Middle East respiratory syndrome (36.10%), Ebola virus disease (28.60%) and Lassa fever (18.70%). The top five infectious diseases with greatest number of deaths were COVID-19, cholera, mpox, dengue fever and measles. The prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were COVID-19, cholera, dengue fever, mpox and poliomyelitis, the prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were COVID-19, cholera, Ebola virus disease, Lassa fever, mpox, malaria, dengue fever and poliomyelitis, the prevalent infectious diseases in America were COVID-19, yellow fever, dengue fever and mpox, the prevalent infectious disease in Europe were COVID-19, mpox and measles.