Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV infection, syphilis and HCV infection and epidemic trend in 8 populations in China during 2010-2015 and provide evidence for the comprehensive prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. Methods Sentinel surveillance was conducted annually in injection drug users (IDUs), female sex workers (FSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), male STD patients, long distance male drivers, pregnant women, young student and male migrant population through questionnaire survey and serological test during 2010-2015. Results During 2010-2015, the HIV antibody positive rate decreased from 4.48% to 2.96% in IDUs, and increased from 5.73% to 7.98% in MSM, while the overall HIV antibody positive rate in other populations was 1.00%; the syphilis antibody positive rate remained to be 4.00%-5.00% in IDUs and decreased from 8.61% to 5.27% in MSM, the positive rate remained to be 2.00%-3.00% in FSWs and 5.00%-6.00% in male STD patients, while the overall positive rate in other populations was 1.00%; the HCV antibody positive rate decreased from 41.81% to 33.38% in IDUs and remained to be 0.60%-0.80% in MSM and FSWs, the positive rate was between 0.70% and 0.90% in male STD patients, while the overall positive rate in other populations was 0.50%. Conclusion MSM and IDUs were the populations mostly affected by HIV epidemic, syphilis prevalence remained to be high in male STD patients and MSM, and the HCV infection rate was higher in IDUs than in other populations.