Abstract: Objective To evaluate the quality of communicable disease reporting in Heilongjiang province from 1991 to 2011 and provide evidence for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods The statistical analysis was conducted on the incidence and death data of communicable diseases reported in Heilongjiang from 1991 to 2011 by using Excel software. Results The incidence of communicable diseases reported in Heilongjiang during this period ranged from 103.35/lakh to 274.39/lakh. The incidence increased by 37.61% in 2004,when network direct reporting of communicable diseases started, compared with that in 2003. From 2003 to 2011,the incidences of hepatitis A and hepatitis B ranked first and second in class B communicable diseases respectively. The mortality of the 2 diseases ranged from 0.34/lakh to 1/lakh. The interval between reporting of the onset of communicable diseases by medical institutions and receiving the reports by provincial center for disease control and prevention declined from 21 days to0.16 day. Conclusion From 1991 to 2011 the quality of communicable disease reporting was improved consecutively in Heilongjiang province. The network direct reporting has greatly improved the timeliness of the reporting, facilitating the timely detection, rapid response and effective control of communicable disease epidemic